Social Business Hybrids and Economic Inclusion: The Empowerment of Marginalized People

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Luca Mongelli Francesco Rullani

Social Business Hybrids and Economic Inclusion

The Empowerment of Marginalized People

Luca Mongelli, Francesco Rullani

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Hardback

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English

Routledge
29 December 2025

Business strategy; Entrepreneurship; Sales & marketing; Organisational theory & behaviour; Non-profitmaking organisations

Series: Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation

This book addresses marginalization as a form of disempowerment – social, economic, and political exclusion that prevents people from realizing their potential. In response, it explores how organizations can foster empowerment, focusing on Social Business Hybrids (SBHs), which use market-based strategies to activate the economic capabilities of marginalized people. However, such empowerment only succeeds under specific conditions, especially in relation to the environments – or ""loci"" – where SBHs operate.

The book aims to understand both the transformative actions SBHs undertake and the contexts in which these actions occur. Drawing from the Capabilities Approach (Sen, Nussbaum, Kabeer) and Community Psychology (Rappaport), the authors develop a framework integrating two key concepts: The empowering role of organizations and an ecological perspective that considers the relevance of social spaces.

They identify two main types of SBH actions: ""creation empowerment"" and ""access empowerment"", and two types of empowerment spaces: ""safe spaces"" and ""open spaces for reconnection"". These dimensions come together in the proposed SBH Empowering Matrix, which outlines four strategies – safe creation, open creation, safe access, and open access. Each is illustrated through a dedicated case study, providing practical insights into how SBHs can unlock the potential of marginalized people.

By: Luca Mongelli, Francesco Rullani
Imprint: Routledge
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions: Height: 229mm, Width: 152mm,
Weight: 600g
ISBN: 9781041132677
ISBN 10: 1041132670
Series: Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation
Pages: 222
Publication Date: 29 December 2025
Audience: College/higher education , Further / Higher Education
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Forthcoming

Luca Mongelli is an Assistant Professor at L'Aquila University and Scientific Coordinator of the Markets, Culture and Ethics (MCE) Research Centre at the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross in Rome, Italy. Francesco Rullani is Full Professor and Scientific Director of the Impact Unit of the Yunus Social Business Centre Venice at Venice School of Management, Ca' Foscari University, Italy.

Reviews for Social Business Hybrids and Economic Inclusion: The Empowerment of Marginalized People

“This is a timely, intellectually stimulating book that forces the reader to think. The Authors write in favour of an alternative and new way of helping marginalized people. The novelty consists in the activation of the economic capabilities of disadvantaged persons. This is a jargon-free book that will capture the attention of anyone seriously interested in transferring into practice the universal principle of human dignity and in trying to implement a new welfare model.” Stefano Zamagni, Professor of Economics, University of Bologna, Adjunct Professor at SAIS Europe of the Johns Hopkins University