Hematology

Preface x Note to the Reader xi Acknowledgements xii Abbreviations xv 1 Malaria – one swallow makes a summer 1 2 The significance of irregularly contracted cells and hemighosts in sickle cell disease 2 3 Striking dyserythropoiesis in sickle cell anemia following an aplastic crisis 3 4 A normal mean cell volume does not exclude a diagnosis of megaloblastic anemia 4 5 Prominent Howell–Jolly bodies when megaloblastic anemia develops in a hyposplenic patient 6 6 A ghostly presence – G6PD deficiency 7 7 G6PD deficiency in patients identified as female 8 8 The cause of sudden anemia revealed by the blood film 9 9 Choreo- acanthocytosis 10 10 Lead poisoning 12 11 Dysplastic neutrophils in an HIV- positive woman 14 12 Help with HELLP 15 13 Neutrophil dysplasia induced by granulocyte colony- stimulating factor 16 14 COVID- 19 and acute kidney injury 17 15 Diagnosis of pyrimidine 5′ nucleotidase deficiency suspected from a blood film 19 16 Bone marrow aspirate in Chédiak–Higashi syndrome 20 17 Phytosterolemia 21 18 Pseudo- Chédiak–Higashi inclusions together with Auer rods in acute myeloid leukemia 22 19 Botryoid nuclei resulting from cocaine abuse 23 20 Infantile pyknocytosis 25 21 Splenic rupture in cytomegalovirus infection 27 22 A new diagnosis of monoclonal B- cell lymphocytosis with cytoplasmic inclusions in a patient with COVID- 19 29 23 Pseudoplatelets and apoptosis in Burkitt lymphoma 31 24 What is a promonocyte? 32 25 Persistent neonatal jaundice resulting from hereditary pyropoikilocytosis 34 26 Auer rods or McCrae rods? 36 27 Observation of Auer rods in crushed cells in acute promyelocytic leukemia 37 28 Alpha chain inclusions in peripheral blood erythroblasts and erythrocytes 39 29 Dyserythropoiesis in visceral leishmaniasis 41 30 Compound heterozygosity for hemoglobins S and D 42 31 Granular B lymphoblastic leukemia 43 32 Hyposplenism in adult T- cell leukemia/lymphoma 44 33 Voxelotor in sickle cell disease 45 34 The importance of a negative image 48 35 Seeing what isn’t there 49 36 A young woman with sudden onset of a severe coagulation abnormality 50 37 Immature Plasmodium falciparum gametocytes in bone marrow 51 38 Acute myeloid leukemia with myelodysplasia- related changes showing basophilic differentiation 52 39 Thiamine- responsive megaloblastic anemia in an Iraqi girl 53 40 Teardrop poikilocytes in metastatic carcinoma of the breast 54 41 A blood film that could have averted a splenectomy 55 42 Russell bodies and Mott cells 57 43 Dutcher bodies 59 44 Acute myeloid leukemia with inv(16)(p13.1q22) 61 45 Dysplastic macropolycytes in myelodysplasia- related acute myeloid leukemia 63 46 Diagnosis of cystinosis from a bone marrow aspirate 64 47 Emperipolesis in a patient receiving romiplostim 65 48 Mechanical hemolysis: a low mean cell volume does not always represent microcytosis 66 49 Transplant- associated thrombotic microangiopathy 67 50 Neuroblastoma in the bone marrow 69 51 Gray platelet syndrome 70 52 Diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus from a bone marrow aspirate 71 53 Diagnosis from a blood film following a dog bite 72 54 Interpreting a postpartum Kleihauer test 73 55 Dengue fever in returning travellers 74 56 Auer rod- like inclusions in multiple myeloma 76 57 Azurophilic granules in myeloma cells 77 58 Plasmodium knowlesi 78 59 The cytological features of NPM1- mutated acute myeloid leukemia 79 60 Irregularly contracted cells in Wilson disease 81 61 Pseudo- Pelger–Huët neutrophil morphology due to sodium valproate toxicity 82 62 The distinctive cytological features of T- cell prolymphocytic leukemia 83 63 Eosinophil morphology in the reactive eosinophilia of Hodgkin lymphoma 86 64 Malaria pigment 87 65 Salmonella colonies in a bone marrow film 88 66 Severe babesiosis due to Babesia divergens acquired in the UK 89 67 Congenital acute megakaryoblastic leukemia 91 68 Basophilic differentiation in transient abnormal myelopoiesis 92 69 Methylene blue- induced Heinz body hemolytic anemia in a premature neonate 93 70 Neutrophil vacuolation in acetominophen- induced acute liver failure 95 71 Howell–Jolly bodies in acute hemolytic anemia 96 72 The distinctive micromegakaryocytes of transformed chronic myeloid leukemia 97 73 Copper deficiency 98 74 Chronic neutrophilic leukemia 99 75 Neutrophilic leukemoid reaction in multiple myeloma 101 76 Persistent polyclonal B lymphocytosis 103 77 Non- hemopoietic cells in the blood and bone marrow 104 78 It’s a black day – metastatic melanoma in the bone marrow 105 79 Dehydrated hereditary stomatocytosis 106 80 Circulating lymphoma cells in intravascular large B- cell lymphoma 107 81 Unusual inclusions in hemoglobin H disease post- splenectomy 108 82 An unexpectedly bizarre blood film in hemoglobin H disease 109 83 Acute myeloid leukemia with a severe coagulopathy and t(8;16)(p11;p13) 111 84 Cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia secondary to atypical pneumonia 113 85 A confusing ‘white cell count’ – circulating micromegakaryocytes in post- thrombocythemia myelofibrosis 114 86 Diagnosis of follicular lymphoma from the peripheral blood 115 87 Transformation of follicular lymphoma 117 88 Cytology of systemic mastocytosis 118 89 Systemic mastocytosis – the importance of looking within bone marrow fragments 119 90 Schistocytosis is not always microangiopathic hemolytic anemia 120 91 Hemoglobin C disease 121 92 Hemoglobin St Mary’s 122 93 Congenital sideroblastic anemia in a female 123 94 A puzzling case of methemoglobinemia 125 95 Hodgkin lymphoma in a bone marrow aspirate 127 96 Giant proerythroblasts in pure red cell aplasia due to parvovirus B19 infection in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis 128 97 A myeloid neoplasm with FIP1L1::PDGFRA presenting as acute myeloid leukemia 129 98 Breast implant- associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma 131 99 Large granular lymphocytosis induced by dasatinib 132 100 The distinctive cytology and disease evolution of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm 134 101 Platelet phagocytosis as a cause of pseudothrombocytopenia 136 Test yourself 137 Answers to test cases 145 Index 152