Asia's Aging Security: How Demographic Change Affects America's Allies and Adversaries

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Andrew Oros

Asia's Aging Security

How Demographic Change Affects America's Allies and Adversaries

Andrew Oros

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English

Columbia University Press
26 September 2025

Population & demography; International relations; Warfare & defence

Series: Contemporary Asia in the World

Major demographic transitions are underway in Asia and the Pacific. The populations of China, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, and Russia are aging and shrinking, while India, the Philippines, Vietnam, and Australia, among others, continue to grow. How will these striking changes affect regional security dynamics and the United States-led alliance structure in the Indo-Pacific?

Andrew L. Oros offers an expert analysis of how rapid aging and population shifts are transforming the military strategies and capabilities of regional powers in Asia. Examining sixteen states, he provides a comparative view of the developing landscape and explores ways to address the consequences. Oros demonstrates that, contrary to what many have claimed, states with shrinking populations will continue to be formidable military powers. He develops a novel theoretical and empirical argument for why rapid aging does not necessarily dampen security competition. Nonetheless, demographic shifts in the coming decades will fundamentally alter the security challenges facing the United States and its allies. Oros considers how technological change and health care advances are mitigating the drawbacks of aging populations as well as how factors such as autonomous defense systems and artificial intelligence present new challenges. Rigorous and timely, Asia's Aging Security makes a forceful case that adjustment to demographic change is a necessity for twenty-first-century foreign policy.

By: Andrew Oros
Imprint: Columbia University Press
Country of Publication: United States
Dimensions: Height: 229mm, Width: 152mm,
ISBN: 9780231205610
ISBN 10: 0231205619
Series: Contemporary Asia in the World
Pages: 320
Publication Date: 26 September 2025
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

List of Figures and Tables Note on Asian Family and Place Names Acknowledgments Introduction 1. Reconsidering the Demographics: the National Security Nexus Through a Twenty-First-Century Indo-Pacific Lens 2. Indo-Pacific Security Challenges and Rapid Aging: Pressures for New Security Architecture 3. Northeast Asia’s Rapidly Aging Democracies: the Leading Edge of Super-Aging in Asia 4. Northeast Asia’s Rapidly Aging Autocracies: Later Timing, Greater Control 5. Opportunities and Cautions from the Demographic Diversity of the Broader Indo-Pacific Conclusion: Addressing the Security Implications of Rapid Aging in the Indo-Pacific Notes Bibliography Index

Andrew L. Oros is professor of political science and international studies at Washington College. His books include Japan’s Security Renaissance: New Policies and Politics for the Twenty-First Century (Columbia, 2017).

Reviews for Asia's Aging Security: How Demographic Change Affects America's Allies and Adversaries

Oros' nuanced and thorough review of the links between population aging and national security is crucial for policy makers given that the world's strongest military powers are also some of the world's demographically oldest states. The stakes are high—and so is the possibility of miscalculation. -- Jennifer Sciubba, author of <i>8 Billion and Counting: How Sex, Death, and Migration Shape our World</i>