Why Do AI Systems Hallucinate?

Name: Why Do AI Systems Hallucinate?
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ISBN: 9788199682306

A Systems-Theory Reframing of AI Hallucination

Sandeep Chavan

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English

Gyrus Vision
15 April 2026

Philosophy: epistemology & theory of knowledge; Artificial intelligence; Machine learning

AI systems today generate language with extraordinary fluency-yet they also fabricate facts, invent citations, and produce confident falsehoods. These failures are commonly labeled ""hallucinations,"" and are typically explained as data limitations, probabilistic errors, or imperfect alignment.

This book challenges that entire framing.

In Why Do AI Systems Hallucinate? Chavan argues that hallucination is not an accidental flaw, but a structural outcome. When systems are designed to always produce output, maintain continuity, and avoid suspension under uncertainty, fabrication becomes a stable equilibrium-not an exception.

Moving beyond intelligence and probability, the book introduces coherence as the central requirement for reliable systems. Through a systems-theory lens grounded in the Chavanian Axioms, it demonstrates why scaling, fine-tuning, and alignment techniques succeed locally but fail to resolve the underlying instability.

Hallucination is reframed as a consequence of unresolved internal pressure-driven by delta propagation, residue accumulation, and failed dissipation. In such conditions, increasing capability does not eliminate error; it makes it more fluent and harder to detect.

This work does not propose new architectures or optimization tricks. Instead, it offers a diagnostic foundation. It identifies the structural conditions any non-hallucinating system must satisfy-and shows why current approaches fall short.

For researchers, engineers, policymakers, and critical thinkers, this is not a guide to incremental fixes. It is a redefinition of the problem itself.

Hallucination is not a bug to patch. It is a predictable expression of system design.

By: Sandeep Chavan
Imprint: Gyrus Vision
Edition: Global ed.
Dimensions: Height: 216mm, Width: 140mm, Spine: 19mm
Weight: 426g
ISBN: 9788199682306
ISBN 10: 8199682302
Pages: 368
Publication Date: 15 April 2026
Audience: General/trade , ELT Advanced
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

Sandeep J. Chavan is an independent researcher and systems thinker focused on the structural foundations of intelligence, coherence, and failure in complex systems. He is the originator of the Chavanian Axioms, a pre-formal logical framework that examines the conditions required for stability, resolution, and persistence across domains. His work spans artificial intelligence, physics-inspired systems theory, and epistemology, with an emphasis on diagnosing failure modes rather than proposing implementation-specific solutions. Through a coherence-first lens, he develops analyses that remain independent of evolving technologies and architectures.

Reviews for Why Do AI Systems Hallucinate?: A Systems-Theory Reframing of AI Hallucination

""A rare work that reframes AI hallucination from an engineering bug into a structural inevitability. This is systems thinking at its sharpest."" - AI Researcher""If you think more data will fix AI hallucinations, this book will change your mind. Permanently."" - Machine Learning Engineer""A rigorous and unsettling analysis that shifts the conversation from performance to coherence. Essential reading for serious researchers."" - Independent Scholar""Every AI engineer should read this before building the next model. It exposes failure modes we've normalized but never understood."" - Systems Engineer""Hallucination is not a glitch, but a mirror of system design. This book forces us to confront that truth."" - Technology Analyst