Brazil's Zika outbreak revealed extreme health disparities and reproductive injustice across racial and socioeconomic lines.
Brazil's 2015 Zika outbreak led to severe illnesses for many and the birth of several thousands of children with severe brain damage. Even though mosquito-borne diseases such as the Zika virus affect people across society, these children were born almost exclusively to poor, and usually non-white, women. In Viruses and Reproductive Injustice, Ilana L�wy explores the complicated health disparities and reproductive injustice that led to these cases of congenital Zika syndrome.
L�wy examines the history of the outbreak in Brazil and connects it to broader questions concerning reproductive rights, the medical science behind understanding new pathogens, and the role of international health organizations in battling--or ignoring--public health crises. The explanation behind the strongly skewed distribution of cases among social classes was far from straightforward or obvious during the Zika outbreak. L�wy argues that the disproportionate effect of Zika on births among the poor is primarily a function of dramatic disparities in access to contraception and prenatal care, as well as Brazil's anti-abortion laws: only wealthier women have access to safe abortions. This is a book about the changing meaning of an infectious disease outbreak and a haunting demonstration that an epidemic is both a biological and a political event produced by the complicated entanglement of humans, viruses, and mosquitoes.
"Contents Preface: A Forgotten Virus and Expunged Memories Acknowledgments Introduction. Framing an Epidemic Chapter 1. Viruses and Mosquitoes: From Yellow Fever to Zika Chapter 2. Fetuses: Women, Doctors, and the Law Chapter 3. Surprises: ""I've never seen anything like this"" Chapter 4. Zika in Brazil: Producing Partial Knowledge Chapter 5. Stratified Reproduction: Class, Ethnicity, and Risk Chapter 6. Mães de Micro: Zika and Maternal Care Chapter 7. After Zika: Open Questions, Complex Legacy Conclusion. Embodied Inequality Further Reading Notes Index"
Ilana L�wy (PARIS, FRANCE) is emerita senior research fellow at the French National Institute of Health and Medical Research. She is the author of Imperfect Pregnancies: A History of Birth Defects and Prenatal Diagnosis.