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The Race Variable

How Statistical Practices Reinforce Inequality

Jay Kaufman

$215.95

Hardback

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English
Columbia University Press
09 December 2025
From social science and biomedical research to government and media reporting, statistics on racial and ethnic disparities are everywhere. The numbers we typically encounter, however, are not straightforward comparisons. Researchers analyze data using adjustments such as regression models that are intended to address bias and confounding factors. Yet many common statistical practices produce misleading results, and some have flawed assumptions that inadvertently misrepresent the inequalities between groups.

Jay S. Kaufman offers a clear and accessible guide to understanding the use and abuse of statistics on racial and ethnic disparities. Examining dozens of real-world examples spanning medicine, economics, education, and criminal justice, he shows how typical statistical practices—no matter how well-intentioned—have obscured the realities of injustice, with significant consequences for public policy. Kaufman considers how to select and apply statistical adjustments responsibly and systematically, and he proposes ways to improve the explanation and analysis of racial and ethnic inequalities.

Written for readers without a background in statistics, this book provides an essential introduction to quantitative reasoning in terms of social justice. The Race Variable is appropriate for undergraduate and graduate courses across the medical and social sciences—including sociology, demography, public health, epidemiology, medicine, and public policy—that focus on racial and ethnic disparities, and for all readers interested in the statistical foundations of our understanding of inequality.
By:  
Imprint:   Columbia University Press
Country of Publication:   United States
Volume:   14
Dimensions:   Height: 229mm,  Width: 152mm, 
ISBN:   9780231213622
ISBN 10:   023121362X
Series:   Race, Inequality, and Health
Pages:   256
Publication Date:  
Audience:   College/higher education ,  A / AS level ,  Further / Higher Education
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active

Jay S. Kaufman is a professor in the Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health at McGill University. A former president of the Society for Epidemiological Research, he is an editor of the journal Epidemiology and coeditor of the textbook Methods in Social Epidemiology (second edition, 2017).

Reviews for The Race Variable: How Statistical Practices Reinforce Inequality

This book provides an invaluable cautionary tale, describing the many kinds of mistakes that are routinely made in the medical literature with regards to race and ethnicity and offering guidance to practitioners and researchers alike. -- David S. Jones, author of <i>Broken Hearts: The Tangled History of Cardiac Care</i>


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