VIVIANE G. NASR, M.D., MPH, FASA is Chief of the Division of Cardiac Anesthesia at Boston Children’s Hospital, where he holds the Francis X. McGowan, Jr., MD Chair in Cardiac Anesthesia. Dr. Nasr is an Associate Professor of Anesthesia at Harvard Medical School. JAMES A. DINARDO, M.D., FAAP, FASA is the past Chief of the Division of Cardiac Anesthesia at Boston Children’s Hospital and previous holder of the Francis X. McGowan, Jr., MD Chair in Cardiac Anesthesia. Dr. DiNardo is a Professor of Anesthesia at Harvard Medical School.