Born in 1926 in New York City, Alan Greenspan worked as a Juilliard-trained professional musician before studying Economics at New York University, where he earned his PhD. In 1954, he co-founded the consulting firm Townsend-Greenspan & Co. He served as Chair of the Council of Economic Advisers under President Gerald Ford, 1974-77. In 1987, President Ronald Reagan appointed him Chairman of the Federal Reserve Board, a position he held until his retirement in 2006.