The Making of the Synoptic Gospels

Exploring the Ancient Sources

Paul A. Rainbow (Sioux Falls Seminary, South Dakota)

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Hardback

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English

Cambridge University Press
28 November 2024

Oral history; New Testaments

Why are the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke so similar, yet different? Modern scholars have developed four main approaches to the synoptic problem:

That the evangelists tapped into testimonies about Jesus, or drew from many written fragments, or used a common exemplar, or modified each other's work. The first three approaches find solid support in antiquity, yet ironically, the fourth approach dominates gospel scholarship, without producing any consensus. In this study, Paul A. Rainbow reclaims the discarded proto-gospel hypothesis of the earliest modern critics, based on a fresh reading of traditions recorded by Papias in the early second century CE. He challenges the Utilization hypotheses – that the synoptists adapted the work of each other, in various theoretical configurations – by offering an historically nuanced hypothesis of a proto-gospel, which the three evangelists independently translated into Greek from Hebrew and enriched with oral testimonies and written fragments available to them.

By: Paul A. Rainbow (Sioux Falls Seminary South Dakota)
Imprint: Cambridge University Press
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions: Height: 235mm, Width: 158mm, Spine: 25mm
Weight: 690g
ISBN: 9781009485371
ISBN 10: 1009485377
Pages: 388
Publication Date: 28 November 2024
Audience: College/higher education , Further / Higher Education
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Active

1. Introduction; 2. State of the Question; 3. Testimonies of Galilee: Q; 4. Testimony of the Leaders at Jerusalem; 5. Embryonic Mark and Matthew; 6. Luke's Preparation; 7. Luke; 8. Mark; 9. Matthew (Greek); 10. Independence.

Paul A. Rainbow is Professor of New Testament Emeritus at Sioux Falls Seminary in South Dakota. He is the author of Johannine Theology (2014), The Pith of the Apocalypse (2008), and The Way of Salvation (2005).