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The Four Heavens

A New History of the Ancient Maya

David Stuart

$71.95

Hardback

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English
Princeton University Press
03 March 2026
From the world-leading expert on the Maya, a monumental history of a flourishing civilization across three millennia

The Four Heavens brings to life the cultural and visual splendor of the ancient Maya, drawing on the oldest indigenous texts of the Americas and the latest archaeological discoveries to present an entirely new history of this spectacular civilization. Renowned historian and archaeologist David Stuart, who has made groundbreaking contributions to the decipherment of Maya hieroglyphics, shows how there was no single rise and fall of the Maya but a series of births and collapses over a breathtaking span of nearly three millennia.

Maya history was seemingly lost forever when the first Europeans encountered the great ruins of ancient cities in what is today Mexico and Central America. Today, with the recent decipherment of their ancient writings, the story of the Maya can now be told from their perspective. Stuart traces the rapid emergence of permanent settlements in the rainforest, which gave rise to monumental architecture and a flourishing urbanism and ushered in the Classic period of Maya civilization beginning in the mid-second century CE. He reveals a world of majestic royal courts tightly bound together by marriages, shifting alliances, and warfare, much of it driven by the ambitions of two major dynasties, the Kanuls and Mutuls. Stuart describes how the long-standing rivalry between these two great houses shaped the fates of the surrounding kingdoms and may have set the stage for ""the Great Rupture"" of the ninth century, when the royal courts buckled under the weight of internal strife, social unrest, and environmental crisis, transforming Maya civilization yet again.

With stunning illustrations, including many of Stuart's own drawings and images, The Four Heavens is a work of momentous historical sweep, one that paints an unforgettable portrait of the Maya and the richly complex social, political, and cosmological worlds in which they lived.

Available in Spanish from our partners at Grupo Planeta
By:  
Imprint:   Princeton University Press
Country of Publication:   United States
Dimensions:   Height: 235mm,  Width: 156mm, 
ISBN:   9780691213842
ISBN 10:   0691213844
Series:   Unearthing the Past
Pages:   480
Publication Date:  
Audience:   College/higher education ,  Professional and scholarly ,  General/trade ,  Primary ,  Undergraduate
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active

David Stuart is the David and Linda Schele Professor of Mesoamerican Art and Writing and director of the Mesoamerica Center at the University of Texas at Austin. His books include Palenque: Eternal City of the Maya, The Order of Days: Unlocking the Secrets of the Ancient Maya, and Spearthrower Owl: A Teotihuacan Ruler in Maya History. He is the youngest person ever to be awarded a MacArthur Fellowship.

Reviews for The Four Heavens: A New History of the Ancient Maya

""[A] superb, sprawling account of Maya civilization. . . . Thanks in large part to Stuart, our knowledge about things we never imagined we would know is reaching new heights. Being able to read the newly available sources—'the oldest extant voices anywhere in the Americas,’ as Stuart puts it—is nothing short of a gift.""---Ilan Stavans, American Scholar


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