This Element examines how the changing economic basis of parliamentary elections in nineteenth century England and Wales contributed to the development of modern parties and elections. Even after the 1832 Reform Act expanded the British electorate, elections in many constituencies went uncontested, party labels were nominal, and candidates spent large sums treating and bribing voters. By the end of the century, however, almost every constituency was contested, candidates stood as representatives of national parties, and campaigns were fought on the basis of policies. We show how industrialization, the spread of literacy, and the rise of cheap newspapers, encouraged candidates to enter and contest constituencies. The increased expense that came from fighting frequent elections in larger constituencies induced co-partisan candidates to form slates. This imparted a uniform partisan character to parliamentary elections that facilitated the emergence of programmatic political parties.
By:
Christopher Kam, Adlai Newson Imprint: Cambridge University Press Country of Publication: United Kingdom Dimensions:
Height: 228mm,
Width: 151mm,
Spine: 6mm
Weight: 165g ISBN:9781108828420 ISBN 10: 1108828426 Series:Elements in Political Economy Pages: 75 Publication Date:07 January 2021 Audience:
Professional and scholarly
,
Undergraduate
Format:Paperback Publisher's Status: Active
