The Basics of International Law

I Introduction 1 Definition of public international law 2 The legal nature of public international law 3 Historical developments 4 Natural law and positivism 5 Alternative approaches 6 Sub-areas of international law 7 Adjacent legal fields 8 The nation state and international law II The place of international law in the national legal order 9 Direct effect 10 Monism and dualism 11 Monism and dualism in practice 12 Rules of international law having direct or indirect effect 13 National government bodies and international law III Subjects of international law 14 International legal personality 15 Forms of international legal personality 16 States 17 Recognition 18 Intergovernmental organisations 19 Liberation movements 20 New forms of international legal personality IV Sources of public international law 21 The sources of international law 22 Treaties 23 Customary International Law 24 Decisions of international organisations 25 Other sources of law 26 The relationship between international sources of law and legal rules V Treaty law 27 Sources of treaty law 28 The entry into force of treaties 29 Reservations 30 Interpretation of treaties 31 The validity and effect of treaties 32 State succession 33 National law and the entry into force of treaties VI Jurisdiction 34 Definition of jurisdiction 35 Territorial jurisdiction 36 Functional jurisdiction 37 Areas outside national jurisdiction 38 Demarcation of boundaries 39 Personal jurisdiction 40 Principles of criminal jurisdiction 41 National jurisdiction 42 Extradition 43 Domestic nationality law VII Immunities 44 Limitation of territorial jurisdiction 45 State immunity 46 Derived immunities 47 Diplomatic immunities VIII State responsibility 48 State responsibility 49 International wrongful acts 50 Circumstances precluding wrongfulness 51 Cessation and compliance 52 Diplomatic protection IX Settlement of disputes 53 General and special rules 54 Diplomatic methods 55 International arbitration 56 The International Court of Justice 57 The International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea 58 The panel procedures of the World Trade Organization 59 The Inspection Panel of the World Bank X The enforcement of international law 60 Characteristics of the enforcement of international law 61 Retorsion 62 Reprisals 63 Collective measures XI Peace and security 64 The prohibition of (armed) force 65 Exceptions to the prohibition on (armed) force 66 UN peace operations 67 International humanitarian law 68 The International Committee of the Red Cross XII The law of international organisations 69 Development of international organisations 70 Classification of international organisations 71 Membership of international organisations 72 Structure of international organisations 73 Powers of international organisations 74 Decision-making procedures of international organisations 75 Rules of procedure of international organisations 76 Budgetary affairs of international organisations 77 Immunities and privileges of international organisations 78 Responsibility of international organisations XIII The United Nations 79 Foundation and development 80 Objectives and principles 81 UN organs 82 Relations between the different UN bodies 83 Powers and functions of UN agencies 84 The voting procedures in the UN 85 Immunities and privileges of the UN 86 The responsibility of the United Nations 87 The UN and the development of international law XIV Other global international organisations 88 Comparison with the United Nations 89 The International Labour Organization 90 The World Health Organization 91 The International Civil Aviation Organization 92 The International Maritime Organization XV Regional intergovernmental organisations 93 The Organization of American States 94 The European Union 95 The African Union 96 The Association of Southeast Asian Nations 97 Other regional intergovernmental organisations XVI International human rights 98 Recognition and development 99 Categories of human rights 100 International human rights instruments 101 Implementation and enforcement mechanisms in international human rights treaties 102 Monitoring mechanisms 103 Regional human rights instruments XVII International criminal law 104 Development and character of international criminal law 105 International criminal responsibility 106 Prosecution and punishment of international crimes by national authorities 107 International crimes in domestic criminal law 108 International criminal courts and tribunals 109 The International Criminal Court 110 ICC procedure 111 Cross-border organised crime 112 Terrorism 113 International organisations for combating crime XVIII International economic law 114 The development of international economic law 115 The World Trade Organization 116 The International Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 117 International monetary organisations 118 Regional economic organisations and agreements 119 Development cooperation XIX International environmental law 120 The internationalisation of environmental law 121 Principles of environmental law 122 UN conferences 123 Institutionalisation 124 Environmental treaties List of consulted literature Index -- .