HENRY PELLING was a Fellow of St John's College, Cambridge. His books include The Labour Governments 1945-51, Winston Churchill, and Britain and the Marshall Plan. He died in 1997. ALASTAIR J. REID is a Lecturer in History and Fellow of Girton College, Cambridge. He is the author of Social Classes and Social Relations in Britain 1850-1914 and Currents of Radicalism: Popular Radicalism, Organised Labour and Party Politics 1850-1914 (co-edited with Eugenio F. Biagini).