Rural Building Course Volume 3

BUILDING PRELIMINARIES 1 - Site selection / Location plan / Working drawings / Plot and site clearing / Site organization / Water supply SETTING OUT 7 - Interfering objects / Uneven ground / Sloping sites / Profiles FOUNDATIONS 15 - Types of foundations / Functions of the foundation / Dimensions for strip foundations NON-CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS 17 - Rubble and boulder foundations / Ashlar masonry foundations / Bonding principles / Laterite rock foundations / Artificial stone foundations CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS 29 - Excavating the foundation trenches / Measurements of stepped foundations / Levelling the trenches and marking the foundation depth / Mix proportions / Preparations before casting / Casting / Levelling the foundations / Curing FOOTINGS 43 - Functions of the footings / Materials and measurements SPECIAL BONDS 45 - Different wall thicknesses at a quoin / Different wall thicknesses at a T-junction / Different wall thicknesses at a cross junction HARDCORE FILLING 59 - Functions of the hardcore filling / Materials and arrangement / Compaction of the hardcore PLINTH COURSE 60 POSITIONS OF DOOR AND WINDOW FRAMES 61 DOOR FRAMES 63 - Types of door frames / Joints for door frames / Heads of door frames / Measurements for door frames / Concrete shoe / Installing door frames WINDOW FRAMES 77 - Types of window frames / Measurements of window frames / Steel cramps / Joints for window frames / Cills of window frames / Heads of window frames / Installing window frames WALLING UP BETWEEN FRAMES 87 MOSQUITO PROOFING 87 BURGLAR PROOFING 89 - Types of burglar of burglar proofing for windows DOORS 91 - Types of doors / Sizes of doors / Position of the door / Finishing treatment of the door / Ledged and battened doors / Ledged, braced and battened doors / Panelled doors / Flush doors / Large doors WINDOWS 109 - Types of casements / Battened casements / Panelled casements / Glazed casements / Flush casements / Joints / Louvre windows WORKING SCAFFOLDS 117 - Jack scaffold / Blocklayers scaffold / Ladder scaffold / Independent scaffold SUPPORTING SCAFFOLD 125 PROTECTIVE SCAFFOLDING 127 ARCHES 128 - Technical terms / Stability of arches / The segmental arch / Types of centring / Setting out the turning piece / Positions of the archstones / Setting up the centring / Skewback template / Laying the archblocks REINFORCED CONCRETE LINTELS 145 - Formwork / Reinforcement / Reinforcement systems / Corrosion in reinforced concrete WALLING ABOVE FRAMES 155 FORMWORK SYSTEM FOR RING BEAM 155 ROOFS IN GENERAL 157 - Roof types / Size of the roof / Roof pitch / Effective length of the sheets / Outline design / Loads LIGHT-WEIGHT STRUCTURES 165 - Basic shape of the roof construction / Technical terms LENGTHENING JOINTS FOR LIGHT-WEIGHT STRUCTURES 169 - Where to place a lengthening joint / Fish joints / Other lengthening joints CONSTRUCTION DETAILS 175 - Lean-to roof / Pent roofs / Gable roof / Designing built-up trusses / Joints for the truss / Marking out built-up trusses / Assembly of built-up trusses / Erecting a roof structure for a gable roof / Purlins / Fascia boards / Verandahs / Anchorage ROOF COVERING 201 - Alignment of the sheets / Sidelaps / Ridge caps / Helpful hints for roof covering HEAT PENETRATION - INSULATION 207 LIGHTENING 207 HIP ROOFS 209 - Setting out and constructing the half truss / Position and measurements of the hip truss / Constructing the hip truss / Erecting the hip of the roof / Covering a hip roof HIP AND VALLEY ROOF 219 - Position and measurements of the hip and valley roof / Construction of a hip and valley truss / Covering a hip and valley roof PLASTER AND RENDER 225 - Composition of plaster or render / Preparing the wall for plastering / Application techniques / Sequence of operations for plastering a straight wall / Positions of edge boards for plastering corners / Positions of edge boards for plastering around frames / Positions of edge boards for plastering the tops of gables / Positions of edge boards for plastering the top of a parapetted pent roof / Positions of the edge boards for plastering openings FLOOR CONSTRUCTION 241 - Sequence of operations for one-course work / Verandah floors STAIRS 249 - Requirements FORMWORK 251 - Formwork for coping / Formwork for pillars / Formwork for slabs / General hints for formwork REINFORCED CONCRETE SLABS 255 - Construction HANGING DOORS AND WINDOWS - Hanging a door with butt hinges LOCKS AND FITTINGS - Mortice lock / Rim lock CEILINGS - Construction, parts and sizes of plywood ceilings PAINTING - Preparation of surfaces for painting / How to paint / How to apply timber preservatives APPENDIX WATER PURIFICATION - Small water filter / Large water filter HAND-DUG WELLS - Lining wells / Tools and materials needed / Construction GRAIN STORAGE SILO - Construction of a silo / Using the silo / Circular masonry work / Sequence of operations PIT LATRINE - Capacity / Location / Design and construction of the squatting slab / Construction / Toilet room / Toilet partitions / Permanent latrine BUCKET LATRINE AQUA PRIVY SYSTEMS SOAKAWAYS MANHOLES SEPTIC TANKS