Recently efforts have been made to understand the role of chemicals in arthropod behavior, and screening programs are starting to incorporate repellency testing into their battery of bioassays.
The lack of standardized protocols for measuring and comparison of repellents has remained a significant obstacle in arthropod research. Oftentimes studies report variable measures of success, and comparison of results across studies is not always consistent. Progress in the standardization of arthropod test methods for repellents would be valuable to many groups including academic researchers working in the field, contract labs supplying test results, government research laboratories, regulatory bodies in the process of developing guidelines for product registration, as well as companies looking to invest in new technologies. Perhaps one complicating factor in this process has been that research and technology haven't moved fast enough to meet the demand for effective arthropod repellents. Issues such as pest arthropod resurgence and insecticide/repellent resistance to chemical can create new challenges and add pressure for researchers.
The collection of chapters in this book covers a range of applied and basic research on arthropod repellents. An overview of the state of arthropod repellents research is provided at the start. In the chapters that follow, there is a selection of papers demonstrating research on new repellent technologies at different stages of development. The scope of basic and applied research methods described in these chapters on new repellent technologies presents the range of testing that is often necessary to move a repellent technology forward in development. The transition from newly developed technologies to registered products is achieved in perspective of a growing market for natural arthropod repellents. New technologies that are completely developed and have gone through registration need to be accompanied by successful commercialization. The growing market for natural arthropod repellents presents such an example and highlights new opportunities in this area. The concluding chapter discusses the public entomology landscape, past and future opportunities for the development of chemical protectants.
Preface 1. A Review of Arthropod Repellents Marc C. Dolan and Nicholas A. Panella 2. Development of Novel Repellents Using Structure?Activity Modeling of Compounds in the USDA Archival Database Ulrich R. Bernier and Maia Tsikolia 3. Callicarpenal and Intermedeol: Two Natural Arthropod Feeding Deterrent and Repellent Compounds Identified from the Southern Folk Remedy Plant, Callicarpa americana Charles L. Cantrell and Jerome A. Klun 4. Catnip Essential Oil and Its Nepetalactone Isomers as Repellents for Mosquitoes Christopher J. Peterson and Joel R. Coats 5. Plant Essential Oils as Repellents and Deterrents to Agricultural Pests Murray B. Isman and Saber Miresmailli 6. Contact and Spatial Repellency from Catnip Essential Oil, Nepeta cataria, against Stable Fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, and Other Filth Flies Junwei Jerry Zhu 7. Using Lone Star Ticks, Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae), in in Vitro Laboratory Bioassays of Repellents: Dimensions, Duration, and Variability J. F. Carroll, A. Zhang, and M. Kramer 8. Development of Space Repellents for Vector Control J. P. Grieco and N. L. Achee 9. Repellents for Protection from Bed Bugs: The Need, the Candidates, Safety Challenges, Test Methods, and the Chance of Success Robin G. Todd 10. Development of Essential Oil-Based Arthropod Repellent Products Gretchen Paluch, Steven Bessette, and Roderick Bradbury 11. The Public Entomology Landscape: Development of Chemical Products against Biting Pests Daniel Strickman Editors' Biographies Indexes Author Index Subject Index
Gretchen Paluch, Iowa State University Joel Coats, Iowa State University
