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Pushing Cool

Big Tobacco, Racial Marketing, and the Untold Story of the Menthol Cigarette

Keith Wailoo

$49.95

Hardback

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English
University of Chicago Press
02 November 2021
Spanning a century, Pushing Cool reveals how the twin deceptions of health and Black affinity for menthol were crafted—and how the industry’s disturbingly powerful narrative has endured to this day.

Police put Eric Garner in a fatal chokehold for selling cigarettes on a New York City street corner. George Floyd was killed by police outside a store in Minneapolis known as “the best place to buy menthols.” Black smokers overwhelmingly prefer menthol brands such as Kool, Salem, and Newport. All of this is no coincidence. The disproportionate Black deaths and cries of “I can’t breathe” that ring out in our era—because of police violence, COVID-19, or menthol smoking—are intimately connected to a post-1960s history of race and exploitation.

In Pushing Cool, Keith Wailoo tells the intricate and poignant story of menthol cigarettes for the first time. He pulls back the curtain to reveal the hidden persuaders who shaped menthol buying habits and racial markets across America: the world of tobacco marketers, consultants, psychologists, and social scientists, as well as Black lawmakers and civic groups like the NAACP. Although menthol smoking first emerged in the twentieth century as a health deception and free of racial messaging, today most Black smokers buy menthols, and calls to prohibit their circulation hinge on a history of the industry’s targeted racial marketing. Ten years ago, when Congress banned flavored cigarettes as criminal enticements to encourage youth smoking, menthol cigarettes were also slated to be banned. Through a detailed study of internal tobacco industry documents, Wailoo exposes why they weren’t and how they remain so popular with Black smokers.

Spanning a century, Pushing Cool reveals how the twin deceptions of health and Black affinity for menthol were crafted—and how the industry’s disturbingly powerful narrative has endured to this day.

By:  
Imprint:   University of Chicago Press
Country of Publication:   United States
Dimensions:   Height: 229mm,  Width: 152mm, 
ISBN:   9780226794136
ISBN 10:   022679413X
Pages:   392
Publication Date:  
Audience:   General/trade ,  ELT Advanced
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Active

Keith Wailoo is the Henry Putnam University Professor of History and Public Affairs at Princeton University. His books include Dying in the City of the Blues, How Cancer Crossed the Color Line, and Pain: A Political History. Along with Dr. Anthony Fauci and others, he won the 2021 Dan David Prize.

Reviews for Pushing Cool: Big Tobacco, Racial Marketing, and the Untold Story of the Menthol Cigarette

Wailoo examines how the tobacco industry framed Black people as a niche market and the industry's evolution - its secrets, practices, and power. . . . [His] diligent research leaves little room for conjecture, making a coherent and engaging story out of a century of conversations, advertising, and activism for and against smoking. . . . Wailoo stands firmly on the side of the people, aiming to educate for the health and well-being of all. * Los Angeles Review of Books * Wailoo mines press reports through the decades, along with posters, billboards and troves of internal industry documentation that cigarette companies were forced to make public after a spate of lawsuits that ended in 1998. With deadly repetition, menthols have been silent players on the stage of US history, witnesses to epic flashpoints at which health and politics collide. The case is stronger for the specificity and rich detail that Wailoo weaves into it. * Nature * Wailoo draws on collections of internal tobacco industry documents made public through litigation, along with other historical sources, to peer into the hidden world of tobacco marketing. . . . Demonstrate[s] how tobacco companies have long designed and reimagined their products to attract new customers. * Science * Engrossing. . . [A] history of the evolution of targeted tobacco marketing and how the industry strategically created a demand and then peddled their product to Black America. * Salon * For decades, cigarette makers have used menthol to target Black Americans. Wailoo does an excellent job showing how Big Tobacco has used both its marketing muscle and political power to get mentholated smoke into African American lungs-with deadly consequences. An indispensable text for anyone who recognizes that Black lungs matter. * Robert N. Proctor, Stanford University * Pushing Cool unpacks the tobacco industry's brilliant, deceptive, and diabolically successful strategy to hook African Americans on menthol cigarettes. Utilizing remarkable research and analysis, Wailoo demonstrates how the industry established a commercial choke hold on Black America, wantonly disregarding the devastating trail of disease and death that their product generated. If ever there was a case for banning menthol cigarettes, this is it. * Allan M. Brandt, Harvard University * With nuance and flare, Wailoo illuminates how a complex and deeply unsettling fabric of racial capitalism created a Black inner-city market for the most dangerous chemical flavor in the history of smoking. This is essential reading for historians, policy makers, ethicists, and social justice advocates reckoning with profound disparities as part of a tobacco end game. * Amy L. Fairchild, The Ohio State University * As Wailoo reveals in this astute and stunning work, menthol cigarettes are an acquired taste: an appetite deliberately cultivated by marketers, the media, and other influencers. Demographically targeted and racially exploitative marketing was unleashed as a strategy to captivate consumers in the face of growing public awareness of the health dangers of smoking. Pushing Cool is a brilliant, unsparing, and powerful rendering of Big Tobacco's deadly racial predation. * Alondra Nelson, Institute for Advanced Study * This captivating, comprehensive book contains something to intrigue everyone-from lawyers to psychologists, marketers to historians. Pushing Cool is a unique and important work that deserves to be read widely. * Andrea Freeman, University of Hawai'i at Manoa * In Pushing Cool, Wailoo tells the fascinating story of how tobacco companies and advertising firms marketed menthol cigarettes, especially to African Americans. Diving deep into this untold history, he also brings essential insight into how the construction of pleasure-enhancing products and processes of racialization have enjoyed mutually informing histories well into the twentieth century. * Samuel Kelton Roberts Jr., Columbia University *


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