Toshio Fukushima is a professor emeritus at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). He received his Ph.D. from the Department of Astronomy at The University of Tokyo in 1988. He was appointed an associate professor at NAOJ in 1991 and promoted to professor in 1998. During that period, he also served as a lecturer on astronomy at The University of Tokyo, and on general astronomy at The University of Tokyo, Showa Women's University, and Hosei University. In 2020, he retired from NAOJ. He was awarded the Legion of Merit from the Japan Coast Guard (formerly the Maritime Safety Agency) for the creation of the new Japanese Ephemeris in 1985. He had also continued to contribute to the International Astronomical Union (IAU).