Panini Grammar

nichi mit and Proxy Roots

Ashwini Kumar Aggarwal, Sadhvi Hemswaroopa

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English

Devotees of Sri Sri Ravi Shankar Ashram
26 July 2025

Historical & comparative linguistics; Grammar & vocabulary; Teaching of a specific subject; Educational: Languages other than English

मित् is a grammatical classification in the Dhatupatha. It applies Ashtadhyayi Sutra 6.4.92 मितां ह्रस्वः to specific Roots in Dhatupatha.

7.2.116 अत उपधायाः । For Roots having penultimate अ that end in a consonant, the penultimate अ takes Vriddhi for Affixes having ञ् or ण् Tag.

Note: Primary Root Verb forms for 1c - 9c Roots are unaffected. Applies only for Secondary णिजन्तः Verbs.

6.4.92 मितां ह्रस्वः । For Roots classifed as मित् i.e. with म् Tag, their penultimate vowel before the causative णिच् is shortened. This मित् classification is given to specific Roots in the Dhatupatha, by Gana Sutras. This is a grammatical system to ensure that Root to Verb Spellings can be derived correctly and be accurate. For मित् Roots for making णिजन्तः Verb Spellings, Sutras 7.2.116 and 6.4.92 apply consecutively. By 7.2.116 the penultimate अकारः becomes आकारः । By 6.4.92 the penultimate आकारः reverts back to अकारः ।

Roots of Dhatupatha on which 7.2.116 can apply:

-Roots having penultimate अ and final consonant.

-Thus it cannot apply to इदित् Roots, since we get penultimate न्

-It cannot apply to Roots with final conjunct.

-It cannot apply to 10c कथादिः Roots 1851 कथ to 1943 तुत्थ since there is penultimate consonant and final अ

Roots of Dhatupatha on which 6.4.92 can apply:

-Roots classified as मित् by Gana Sutras in Dhatupatha

-It can apply to all मित् Roots that have penultimate vowel

-Thus it can apply to Root 778 हेड वेष्टने that is मित् and has penultimate vowel. (This is the only मित् Root in Dhatupatha with penultimate vowel other than अकारः )

-Some मित् Roots are इदित् (e.g. 769 क्षजि गतिदानयोः ) so Sutra 6.4.92 cannot apply

-Some मित् Roots have final conjunct (e.g. 999 रञ्ज रागे ) so 6.4.92 applies only when न् drops and we have penultimate अ

-It cannot apply to 10c कथादिः Roots 1851 कथ to 1943 तुत्थ since there is penultimate consonant and final अ

There are some Roots in the Dhatupatha whose Secondary णिच् Verb Forms are मित् । These have been neatly collected for accurate Verb Spelling. 3x3 Parasmaipada and Atmanepada Verb Tables have been given for these Roots. Lists the Dhatupatha, Alphabetical Index of Dhatus, and Maheshwar Sutras and Pratyaharas for in-depth understanding.

By: Ashwini Kumar Aggarwal, Sadhvi Hemswaroopa
Imprint: Devotees of Sri Sri Ravi Shankar Ashram
Dimensions: Height: 229mm, Width: 152mm, Spine: 5mm
Weight: 145g
ISBN: 9789348012111
ISBN 10: 9348012118
Pages: 102
Publication Date: 26 July 2025
Audience: General/trade , ELT Advanced
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

Ashwini is with the Sri Sri Ravi Shankar Ashram based in Punjab. He loves to practice Yoga, perform Homa, study Sanskrit and be at home. He was born in Ludhiana and completed his pre-University from Govt. College for Boys. He has also written texts on Upanishads & Sanskrit Grammar delving into Panini's Ashtadhyayi. Hemswaroopa based in Gujarat is established in the gurukul tradition of Adi Shankaracharya. She practices a Sattvic lifestyle of Meditation & Satsang and teaches Vedantic Scriptures.