Mobility and Geographical Scales

"Chapter 1 Collective Thinking About Mobility Scales 1 Vincent KAUFMANN and Guillaume DREVON 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 The notion of mobility in social sciences 3 1.3 The need for an integrative approach 5 1.4 A new research arena 8 1.5 Articulating spatial and temporal mobility scales 9 1.6 References 11 Chapter 2 A Society with No Respite: Mobility as an Interdisciplinary Concept 15 Christophe MINCKE 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Mobility as a scale of magnitudes in a reticent capitalism (Boltanski and Chiapello) 17 2.2.1 Justifying inequalities 17 2.2.2 Inequalities in a reticular context: the project-based city 18 2.2.3 Project-based cities and mobility 19 2.3 Movement: the central element of liquid modernity (Bauman) 20 2.3.1 Dissolution and anchoring of solid modernity 20 2.3.2 The fading of ends and limits 21 2.3.3 The individual, the model, shopping 22 2.4 The alienating acceleration (Hartmut Rosa) 24 2.4.1 Acceleration 24 2.4.2 Three critiques of acceleration 25 2.5 The turning point of mobility (Urry and Sheller) 27 2.5.1 Mobilities as an analyzer of social matters 27 2.5.2 Mobilities in weak link societies 28 2.5.3 The social aspect of mobility 29 2.6 Mobility as an injunction (Mincke and Montulet) 29 2.6.1 Two spatiotemporal morphologies 30 2.6.2 Mobility shifts 31 2.6.3 The mobilitarian ideal 32 2.7 Contextualizing research on mobilities 34 2.8 References 36 Chapter 3 Mobility Justice as a Political Object 37 Caroline GALLEZ 3.1 Introduction 37 3.2 Inequality and mobility justice in contemporary Western societies 38 3.3 Social justice and mobility, theoretical approaches 40 3.4 Inequalities and equity in transport and urban planning 42 3.4.1 Integrating equity in the evaluation of transport policies 43 3.4.2 Moving from inequalities in mobility to inequalities in access to facilities 44 3.4.3 Evaluating equity of access to facilities 45 3.5 Mobility justice: contributions from the social sciences 47 3.5.1 Ambiguities of mobility 48 3.5.2 Mobility regimes and differentiation of mobility rights 49 3.5.3 Mobility justice in the face of the ecological emergency and social inequalities 51 3.6 Beyond inequalities, mobility justice 53 3.7 References 54 Chapter 4 Appropriations and Uses of Travel Time: How to Inhabit Mobility 63 Juliana GONZÁLEZ 4.1 Introduction 63 4.2 The emergence of a research field in search of a position 64 4.3 The basis for exploring the uses of travel time 65 4.3.1 What are the uses of travel time for each mode of transport? 67 4.3.2 What theoretical frameworks should be used to address the qualitative dimension of travel time? 72 4.4 Inhabiting travel time: at what cost to the environment? 74 4.5 The relevance of mixed methods for building a common survey base 75 4.6 Major research studies 77 4.7 Discussions and research perspectives 78 4.8 References 79 Chapter 5 Designing Space for Walking as the Primary Mode of Travel 87 Sébastien LORD and Mathilde LOISELLE 5.1 Introduction 87 5.2 A diversity of approaches to the objective conditions of walking, first of all a question of scale? 90 5.2.1 Walkability of the city and the neighborhood 90 5.2.2 The urban quality and the walking environment 91 5.2.3 Applications for the development of walking environments 93 5.3 The conditions of operation, what is the place for the walker's experience? 95 5.3.1 The subjectivity of walking in its social and sensory dimensions 95 5.3.2 The atmosphere and its components 97 5.3.3 On the hermeneutic significance of atmospheres in the practice of walking 100 5.4 What are the challenges of the scales of analysis for intervention in living environments? 101 5.5 References 103 Chapter 6 Residential Trajectories and Ways of Living: An Overview of France and Europe 107 Samuel CARPENTIER-POSTEL 6.1 Introduction 107 6.2 Residential choice as social positioning 108 6.2.1 Classical models. 109 6.2.2 .. to mobility turn 110 6.3 Elements of analysis of residential mobility in France and Europe 112 6.3.1 General spatial dynamics of residential mobility 112 6.3.2 Differentiation by life course 114 6.3.3 Differentiation by social position 117 6.4 Discussion and perspectives: toward new ways of living 121 6.4.1 Multifaceted emerging practices 121 6.4.2 Toward comprehensive and biographical approaches 124 6.5 Conclusion 126 6.6 References 127 Chapter 7 City, State, Transnational Space: Scales and Multidisciplinary Approaches of Migrations 133 Garance CLÉMENT and Camille GARDESSE 7.1 Introduction 133 7.2 Myths and realities of contemporary migration 134 7.2.1 A majority of interregional migration 134 7.2.2 More diversified and feminized international migration? 135 7.2.3 Deconstructing the European ""migration crisis"" 137 7.3 ""Transnationalism"", ""privilege"" and ""bordering"": taking into account other scales of migration 139 7.3.1 From ""immigrants"" to ""migrants"" 140 7.3.2 The notion of migratory privilege 141 7.3.3 The contributions of border studies 143 7.4 Cities in migration studies 144 7.4.1 Spatial dispersion policies and practices 145 7.4.2 A local turn in migration governance? 146 7.4.3 Thinking about reception and hospitality 147 7.5 Investigating migration 148 7.6 Conclusion 151 7.7 References 152 Chapter 8 Work and High Mobility in Europe 161 Emmanuel RAVALET 8.1 Introduction 161 8.2 High work-related mobility 162 8.2.1 Intensive daily commuting 163 8.2.2 Weekly commuting 165 8.2.3 Fluctuating commuting patterns 166 8.2.4 Frequent travel for work 167 8.3 The profile of the highly mobile population 168 8.4 Reasons for the use of large-scale work-related mobility 169 8.5 The experience of high work-related mobility 172 8.6 High mobility linked to work and digital technology, what prospects? 173 8.7 Conclusion 175 8.8 References 176 Chapter 9 Event-Driven Mobility: From a Theoretical Approach to Practical Management 185 Pascal VIOT 9.1 Introduction: the challenges of contemporary event-driven mobility 185 9.2 Mobility and major events: testing the host territory 187 9.3 A qualitative and quantitative test 188 9.4 Road policing strategy 189 9.5 Toward a mobility turn of event-driven management practices 191 9.5.1 The engineer's planning strategy 192 9.5.2 The user-spectator's experience pathway 194 9.5.3 The development of event mobility management practices 196 9.6 Conclusion: toward a sociology of event-driven mobility 197 9.7 References 198 Chapter 10 Inland Navigation: Rethinking Mobility from an Aquatic Perspective 201 Laurie DAFFE 10.1 Introduction 201 10.2 Societal and environmental issues of inland navigation 202 10.2.1 Modal share of inland waterways in the European Union 202 10.2.2 Prospects for the development of river activities and the shift from road to waterways 203 10.2.3 Faster, less far, more anchored: the scales of future navigation 206 10.3 Current state of knowledge 207 10.3.1 Aquatic mobility, an emerging field of research 208 10.3.2 Small-scale inland navigation and ""people of the river,"" flurban lifestyles 209 10.3.3 Trajectories of houseboats and river dwellers 210 10.3.4 Toward ""wet ontologies"" 211 10.3.5 The watery turn: grasping mobilities from an aquatic perspective 213 10.4 Conclusion: meeting between water and land 216 10.5 References 217 Chapter 11 Temporary Mobilities and Neo-Nomadism 221 Arnaud LE MARCHAND 11.1 Introduction 221 11.2 State of current knowledge and major references 222 11.2.1 Socioeconomics of temporary labor migration 222 11.2.2 Neo-nomadism and countercultures 224 11.3 Challenges for contemporary societies 226 11.4 Survey methodologies, analysis with missing data 229 11.5 Place in general sociology 232 11.6 Status of scientific debates and controversies in the field 234 11.7 References 235 Chapter 12 Towards a Rhythmology of Mobile Societies 241 Guillaume DREVON and Vincent KAUFMANN 12.1 Limitations of the concept of mobility 241 12.2 Thinking about the entanglement of mobilities using forms of rhythm 243 12.3 Responding to the challenges of mobility research with a rhythmology of mobile societies 244 12.4 References 246 List of Authors 249 Index 251"