Midwifery at a Glance

Contributors viii About the companion website ix Part 1 Introduction 1 1 Historical overview of midwifery 2 2 NHS values 4 3 Ethics 6 4 Role of the midwife 8 5 Drug exemptions 10 6 Women’s choice and care options 12 Part 2 Anatomy and physiology 15 7 Breast 16 8 Female reproductive system 18 9 Menstrual cycle 20 10 Maternal pelvis 22 11 Maternal pelvis and fetal skull 24 Part 3 Preconception 27 12 Preconception care 28 13 Follow-up after pregnancy loss 30 Part 4 Antenatal 33 14 Maternal physiological adaptation to pregnancy 34 15 Taking a history 36 16 Antenatal investigations and screening 38 17 Preparation for childbirth 40 18 Post-term pregnancy 42 Part 5 Intrapartum 45 19 Physiology of labour 46 20 Mechanism of normal labour 48 21 Promoting normal labour 50 22 Pain relief 52 23 Water birth 54 24 Augmentation of labour 56 25 Induction of labour 58 26 Nutrition in labour 60 Part 6 Postnatal care 63 27 Immediate care: 0–6 hours 64 28 On-going care 66 29 Daily maternal examinations 68 30 Physiological changes 70 31 Pelvic floor 72 32 Sepsis 74 33 Contraception 76 34 Lactation 78 Part 7 Common medical disorders 81 35 Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy 82 36 Diabetes 84 37 Thromboembolic disease 86 38 Obesity 88 39 The thyroid gland and thyroid disorders 90 40 Systemic lupus erythematosus 92 41 Obstetric cholestasis 94 Part 8 Obstetric complications 97 42 Antepartum haemorrhage 98 43 Shoulder dystocia 100 44 Cord presentation and prolapse 102 45 Embolism 104 46 Obstructed labour 106 47 Uterine rupture 108 48 Uterine inversion 110 49 Preterm labour 112 50 Eclampsia 114 51 Disseminating intravascular coagulopathy, shock and high dependency care 116 52 Malposition and malpresentation 118 53 Postpartum haemorrhage 120 54 Multiple pregnancy 122 Part 9 Fetus and baby 125 55 Intrauterine growth restriction 126 56 Intrauterine growth restriction monitoring 128 57 Fetal circulation 130 58 Changes at birth 132 59 Fetal skull 134 60 Immediate care of the newborn 136 61 Normal neonate and care needs 138 62 Infant nutrition 140 63 Neonatal jaundice 142 Part 10 Psychological dimensions 145 64 Becoming a parent 146 65 Maternal mental health 148 66 Bereavement care 150 67 Gender-based violence 152 68 Alcohol and drugs 154 69 Trafficking 156 70 Homelessness 158 71 Asylum seekers and refugees 160 72 Teenage mothers 162 73 Disability 164 74 Health promotion education 166 75 Psychological changes 168 Part 11 Midwifery skills 171 76 Antenatal abdominal examination 172 77 Vaginal examination 174 78 Artificial rupture of membranes 176 79 Urinary catheterisation 178 80 Blood pressure and temperature, pulse and respiration: back to basics 180 81 Episiotomy 182 82 Perineal repair 184 83 Feeding support and breast expression 186 84 Blood and blood products 188 85 Maternal resuscitation 190 86 Neonatal resuscitation 192 87 Examination of the newborn 194 88 Newborn bloodspot screening 196 89 Care of women having surgery 198 References and further reading 200 Index 204