""Revered throughout history for their vibrant colors and majestic grandeur, peonies symbolize wealth and prosperity. The author provides a detailed analysis of techniques for painting various poses of the flower heads and methods of color application, examining the growth structure of petals, leaves, and stems. Progressing systematically-from composing single blossoms to arranging flower-and-bird compositions, and finally to designing complete scenes-each step builds on the last, guiding the learner through the process. The concluding section showcases the author's own creations alongside classic peony masterpieces by artists like Wu Changshuo, offering valuable references for appreciation, imitation, composition, inscriptions, and other materials. This empowers you to effortlessly master the art of painting expressive, freehand peonies in the traditional Chinese style.