Inheriting the Bomb: The Collapse of the USSR and the Nuclear Disarmament of Ukraine

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Mariana Budjeryn

Inheriting the Bomb

The Collapse of the USSR and the Nuclear Disarmament of Ukraine

Mariana Budjeryn

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English

Johns Hopkins University Press
27 December 2022

History; European history; International relations

Series: Johns Hopkins Nuclear History and Contemporary Affairs

The collapse of the Soviet Union unleashed the specter of the largest wave of nuclear proliferation in history. Why did Ukraine ultimately choose the path of nuclear disarmament?

The collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 left its nearly 30,000 nuclear weapons spread over the territories of four newly sovereign states: Belarus, Kazakhstan, the Russian Federation, and Ukraine. This collapse cast a shadow of profound ambiguity over the fate of the world's largest arsenal of the deadliest weapons ever created. In Inheriting the Bomb, Mariana Budjeryn reexamines the history of nuclear predicament caused by the Soviet collapse and the subsequent nuclear disarmament of the non-Russian Soviet successor states.

Although Belarus and Kazakhstan renounced their claim to Soviet nuclear weapons, Ukraine proved to be a difficult case: with its demand for recognition as a lawful successor state of the USSR, a nuclear superpower, the country became a major proliferation concern. And yet by 1994, Ukraine had acceded to the Treaty on the Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) as a non-nuclear-weapon state and proceeded to transfer its nuclear warheads to Russia, which emerged as the sole nuclear successor of the USSR.

How was this international proliferation crisis averted? Drawing on extensive archival research in the former Soviet Union and the United States, Budjeryn uncovers a fuller and more nuanced narrative of post-Soviet denuclearization. She reconstructs Ukraine's path to nuclear disarmament to understand how its leaders made sense of the nuclear armaments their country inherited. Among the various factors that contributed to Ukraine's nuclear renunciation, including diplomatic pressure from the United States and Russia and domestic economic woes, the NPT stands out as a salient force that provided an international framework for managing the Soviet nuclear collapse.

By: Mariana Budjeryn
Imprint: Johns Hopkins University Press
Country of Publication: United States
Dimensions: Height: 229mm, Width: 152mm, Spine: 22mm
Weight: 476g
ISBN: 9781421445861
ISBN 10: 1421445867
Series: Johns Hopkins Nuclear History and Contemporary Affairs
Pages: 328
Publication Date: 27 December 2022
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

List of Abbreviations Acknowledgements Prologue Introduction Part 1. Soviet Nuclear Disintegration Chapter 1. Soviet Collapse and Nuclear Weapons Chapter 2. Preventing Soviet Nuclear Disintegration Chapter 3. The Road to Lisbon: Proliferation v. Succession Chapter 4. Belarus and Kazakhstan: Paths not Taken Part 2. Ukraine: Negotiating a Nuclear Exception Chapter 5. The Road to Nuclear Renunciation Chapter 6. From Renunciation to Ownership Chapter 7. Nuclear Ownership and Deterrence Chapter 8. From Ownership to Renunciation In Conclusion Bibliography Index

Mariana Budjeryn (SOUTH BERWICK, ME) is a researcher on the Project on Managing the Atom at the Harvard Kennedy School's Belfer Center.

Reviews for Inheriting the Bomb: The Collapse of the USSR and the Nuclear Disarmament of Ukraine

An excellent study of how the process of [Ukraine's] disarmament unfolded. Drawing on a wide range of sources, including some Ukrainian sources not tapped before, Budjeryn details in great depth the internal deliberations of the Ukrainian government and the intensive rounds of negotiations among the U.S., Russia and the three non-Russian republics. Inheriting the Bomb is essential reading for anyone interested in issues of disarmament and nonproliferation. —Daniel Larison, Responsible Statecraft Inheriting the Bomb: The Collapse of the USSR and the Nuclear Disarmament of Ukraine adds depth [and]...provides a rich description of an important historical example of nuclear disarmament and calls attention to specific tensions between nuclear weapons and state security. —Army Control Today Budjeryn's deeply researched book,...has obvious relevance today. —Lawfare [Inheriting the Bomb] provides a comprehensive background to understand the genesis of Ukrainian resistance through well-researched archival documents related to diplomatic negotiations between Russians and Americans and Ukraine's internal debates, among others.