How Important are Superior Numbers?

A Reappraisal of Lanchester's Square Law

David L. I. Kirkpatrick (University College London)

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English

Cambridge University Press
04 March 2021

Theory of warfare & military science; War & defence operations; Economics

Series: Elements in Defence Economics

Summary
Details

A century ago Frederick Lanchester formulated a mathematical model of combat which suggested that the combat power of a military force was proportional to the product of the individual effectiveness of the units in the force and the square of the number of units deployed. This model reinforced a long-established faith in the importance of superior numbers. However, successive historical studies failed to identify any clear relationship between the numbers and losses in opposing forces. This Element analyses American Civil War battles, and shows that the ratio of losses incurred was inversely proportional to the ratio of numbers effectively engaged. This result demonstrates that the numbers of fighting units in a military force are less important than the ability of those units to get into action and inflict losses on the enemy. This result demonstrates the limitations of the Square Law, and should prevent it from being applied indiscriminately.

By: David L. I. Kirkpatrick (University College London)
Imprint: Cambridge University Press
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions: Height: 150mm, Width: 230mm, Spine: 6mm
Weight: 160g
ISBN: 9781108977876
ISBN 10: 1108977871
Series: Elements in Defence Economics
Pages: 75
Publication Date: 04 March 2021
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active