F. John Mathis is an emeritus professor of global economics, banking and finance and the the former director of the Global Financial Services Center at Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University, USA. Raja M. Almarzoqi is a Chief Economic Advisor at Ministry of Economy and Planning and a faculty member at the Institute of Diplomatic Studies, a previous Adjunct Professor at Thunderbird School of Global Management, Arizona State University, USA and King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Former Advisor at International Monetary Fund, USA.