Genocide Before the Holocaust

Carmichael's fascinating and original work breaks new ground in charting the genesis of exclusionary thinking and violence. The interdisciplinary approach is unmatched: any reader will gain new insights about how generations came to develop, understand and also resist mass killing. -Ben Lieberman, Fitchburg State University, author of Terrible Fate: Ethnic Cleansing and the Making of Modern Europe A powerful book. Marshalling a massive accumulation of empirical detail, Cathie Carmichael demonstrates a wonderfully perceptive eye for both the big picture and the telling detail. - Dan Stone, Royal Holloway, University of London Genocidal thought and action did not begin with the Nazis. Cathie Carmichael explores the eliminationist politics and the wider cultural ramifications of the collapse of European empires in the early twentieth century. For every ultra-nationalist advocate there were always others - public figures and ordinary folk alike - who stood up for decency, humanism, and friendship between peoples. This is a superb book. - Mark Levene, University of Southampton, author of The Meaning of Genocide Superbly combines political and cultural history to reveal the horrific scope of ethnic cleansing and genocide in the decades before the Second World War. It is an excellent corrective to many accounts of Europe's violent late-nineteenth- to early-twentieth-century crisis. - Donald Bloxham, author of The Great Game of Genocide