This book presents pedagogical contributions on selected topics relating Number Theory, Theoretical Physics and Geometry. The parts are composed of long self-contained pedagogical lectures followed by shorter contributions on specific subjects organized by theme. Most courses and short contributions go up to the recent developments in the fields; some of them follow their author's original viewpoints. There are contributions on Random Matrix Theory, Quantum Chaos, Non-commutative Geometry, Zeta functions, and Dynamical Systems. The chapters of this book are extended versions of lectures given at a meeting entitled Number Theory, Physics and Geometry, held at Les Houches in March 2003, which gathered mathematicians and physicists.
Random Matrices: from Physics to Number Theory.- Quantum and Arithmetical Chaos.- Notes on L-functions and Random Matrix Theory.- Energy Level Statistics, Lattice Point Problems, and Almost Modular Functions.- Arithmetic Quantum Chaos of Maass Waveforms.- Large N Expansion for Normal and Complex Matrix Ensembles.- Symmetries Arising from Free Probability Theory.- Universality and Randomness for the Graphs and Metric Spaces.- Zeta Functions.- From Physics to Number Theory Via Noncommutative Geometry.- More Zeta Functions for the Riemann Zeros.- Hilbert Spaces of Entire Functions and Dirichlet L-Functions.- Dynamical Zeta Functions and Closed Orbits for Geodesic and Hyperbolic Flows.- Dynamical Systems: Interval Exchange, Flat Surfaces, and Small Divisors.- Continued Fraction Algorithms for Interval Exchange Maps: an Introduction.- Flat Surfaces.- Brjuno Numbers and Dynamical Systems.- Some Properties of Real and Complex Brjuno Functions.