Pierre Bourdieu (1930-2002) was one of the most influential sociologists and anthropologists of the late twentieth century. He was Professor of Sociology at the Collège de France and Director of Studies at the École des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales. His many works include Outline of a Theory of Practice, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, The Rules of Art, The Logic of Practice and Pascalian Meditations.
'Capital exists and functions only in relation to the field in which it operates: like trumps in a card game, it exerts power over this field, in particular over the materialized or incorporated instruments of production and reproduction whose distribution composes the very structure of the field, and over the regular patterns (or mechanisms) and the rules (or institutions) that define the ordinary functioning of the field; and thereby over the profits engendered in the field (for example, the cultural capital and the laws of transmission of cultural capital, as mediated by the educational system).' Pierre Bourdieu