Fatigue of Materials and Structures

Foreword xi Stephen D. ANTOLOVICH Chapter 1. High Temperature Fatigue 1 Stephen D. ANTOLOVICH and Andre PINEAU 1.1. Introduction and overview 1 1.2. 9 to 12% Cr steels 7 1.3. Austenitic stainless steels 22 1.4. Fatigue of superalloys 40 1.5. Lifespan prediction in high-temperature fatigue 104 1.6. Conclusions 114 1.7. Acknowledgments 118 1.8. Bibliography 118 Chapter 2. Analysis of Elasto-plastic Strains and Stresses Near Notches Subjected to Monotonic and Cyclic Multiaxial Loading Paths 131 Gregory GLINKA 2.1. Introduction 131 2.2. Multiaxial fatigue parameters 134 2.3. Elasto-plastic notch-tip stress-strain calculation methods 146 2.4. Comparison of notch stress-strain calculations with numerical data 164 2.5. Conclusion 173 2.6. Bibliography 173 2.7. Symbols 176 Chapter 3. Fatigue of Composite Materials 179 Claude BATHIAS 3.1. Introduction 179 3.2. Drastic differences between the fatigue of composites and metals 183 3.3. Notch effect on fatigue strength 191 3.4. Effect of a stress on composite fatigue 193 3.5. Fatigue after impact 198 3.6. Fatigue damage criteria 199 3.7. Conclusion 202 3.8. Bibliography 203 Chapter 4. Fatigue of Polymers and Elastomers 205 Claude BATHIAS 4.1. Introduction 205 4.2. Life of polymers 206 4.3. Crack propagation within polymers 207 4.4. Damaging mechanisms of polymers 208 4.5. Specific case of the fatigue of elastomers 210 4.6. The life of natural rubbers 211 4.7. Crack propagation in natural rubber 213 4.8. Propagation mechanisms of cracks in natural rubber 217 4.9. Multiaxial fatigue of rubbers 219 4.10. Cavitation of rubbers 221 4.11. Conclusion 222 4.12. Bibliography 222 Chapter 5. Probabilistic Design of Structures Submitted to Fatigue 223 Bruno SUDRET 5.1. Introduction 223 5.2. Treatment of hazard in mechanical models 224 5.3. Plotting probabilistic S–N curves 229 5.4. Probabilistic design with respect to crack initiation 237 5.5. Probabilistic propagation models 245 5.6. Conclusion 252 5.7. Appendix A: probability theory reminder 253 5.8. Bibliography 259 Chapter 6. Prediction of Fatigue Crack Growth within Structures 265 Jean LEMAITRE 6.1. Prediction problems 265 6.2. Crack growth laws 268 6.3. Calculation of cracking variables 282 6.4. Resolution method of the cracking equations 289 6.5. New directions 296 6.6. Bibliography 296 List of Authors 299 Index 301