What are the new relationships between territories and farms?
Farms and Territory addresses this question by exploring a range of landscapes, from mountains to cereal plains, forged by different actors who exploit and protect resources such as land and wild – or domestic – biodiversity. These territories are also the site of renewed interactions between farms for the use of biomass, whether for methanization or herd feeding.
This book focuses on the various methods and tools used to diagnose, design or evaluate agricultural dynamics in territories: database matching, material and energy flow calculations, codesign approaches, etc. In short, this book illustrates the diversity of work carried out at the farm–territory interface by research teams to understand changes in the agricultural world and the ecological, economic and societal impacts.
Introduction xiii Philippe MARTIN and Solène PISSONNIER Chapter 1. Which Land Resources to Adopt for an Ecological Transition of Agri-Food Systems? A Cross-View of Law and Sociology 1 Pierre-Etienne BOUILLOT and Romain MELOT 1.1. Legal framework and contractual practices in farming: towards a greening of land tools? 2 1.2. Changes in agricultural landholding structures: a challenge for the transition of agri-food systems and generational renewal 9 1.3. The multifunctionality of agricultural land in food systems 13 1.4. Conclusion and perspectives 15 1.5. References 16 Chapter 2. Synergies between Animal Husbandry and Forests for the Development of Agroecological Systems in Middle Mountain and Mediterranean Foothill Regions: Comparative Study of the Limousine Mountain and the Lodevois 23 Nathan MORSEL and Nadège GARAMBOIS 2.1. Introduction 23 2.2. The Lodevois and the Limousine Mountain: a disconnection between animal husbandry and forestry 27 2.3. Frugal agropastoral systems: putting grazing back at the heart of herd feeding, especially in forest ecosystems 33 2.4. Obstacles to the use of wooded areas on the Limousine Mountain and the Lodevois: an overview 39 2.5. Ways to promote the (re)connection between livestock and forests 43 2.6. Conclusion 46 2.7. References 47 Chapter 3. Crop–Livestock Interaction at the Territorial Scale: Tools and Methods to Support Its Development 51 Solène PISSONNIER 3.1. Introduction 51 3.2. Specialization and its ramifications 52 3.3. Characteristics of systems integrating crops and livestock 56 3.4. Spatial and temporal coordinations on a territorial scale 59 3.5. Types of actors involved and forms of partnership 61 3.6. Methods for diagnosing, designing, evaluating and supporting the development of these systems 67 3.7. Conclusion 75 3.8. References 75 Chapter 4. Genetic Choices, Farming Systems and Territories 81 Etienne VERRIER and Anne LAUVIE 4.1. Introduction 81 4.2. Organization of animal breeding and the role of farmers, farming systems and links to the territory 82 4.3. Collective breeding goals and territories 85 4.4. Breeds, farmers' collectives and other territorial components: diversity of relationships 88 4.5. Individual farmers' decisions and how they relate to breeding collectives' decisions 91 4.6. Conclusion 93 4.7. References 94 Chapter 5. Town Microfarms, Country Microfarms in Fields: Innovative Systems in Contrasting Territories 97 Agnès LELIÈVRE and Kevin MOREL 5.1. Innovative projects in response to a variety of socio-ecological territorial challenges 97 5.2. Multiple innovations driven by new farmer profiles 100 5.3. Discussion and perspectives 110 5.4. References 112 Chapter 6. The Rise of Professional Gathering in Rural Areas 115 Valentin ASSELAIN and Florence PINTON 6.1. Introduction 115 6.2. A centuries-old business embedded in agroecosystems 118 6.3. Make a living by gathering 125 6.4. Gathering territories and rural areas: separate paths or mutual learning? 133 6.5. Conclusion 139 6.6. References 140 Chapter 7. How Can Biodiversity Be Taken into Account on Farm Territories? 145 Aude BARBOTTIN, Daphnée DURANT, Raymond REAU and Hélène GROSS 7.1. What is biodiversity in agricultural landscapes? 145 7.2. Biodiversity as seen by farmers 146 7.3. Can agriculture and biodiversity conciliation occur at the farm territory level? 148 7.4. How can we support biodiversity conservation at farm level? 150 7.5. Examples of integrating biodiversity into farm projects: challenges, results and difficulties 157 7.6. Monitoring biodiversity 164 7.7. Conclusion 165 7.8. References 166 Chapter 8. Sociometabolic Approaches to Conceptualizing and Supporting Agri-Food Transitions 171 Caroline PETIT and Thierry BONAUDO 8.1. Introduction 171 8.2. Society's metabolism: overview of epistemological foundations and current research trends 173 8.3. Agriculture in the metabolism of societies 176 8.4. For agri-food metabolism approaches at the local scale 179 8.5. Discussion: avenues for further exploration and prospects for cross-disciplinary work between sociometabolic approaches and agronomy 184 8.6. Conclusion 188 8.7. References 188 Chapter 9. Farms in the Transition to Sustainable Food in Urban Areas: The Role of Collective Catering 195 Christine AUBRY and Emmanuel RAYNAUD 9.1. Introduction 195 9.2. Collective catering: a vector for sustainable food practices 196 9.3. Adapting agricultural production to meet growing demand for sustainable food: the example of Île-de-France 205 9.4. Conclusion 211 9.5. References 212 Chapter 10. Farming and the Circular Economy in Territories: Recycling Urban Waste in Agriculture 217 Florent LEVAVASSEUR and Sabine HOUOT 10.1. Introduction 217 10.2. From urban waste to organic fertilizer 219 10.3. Regulations governing the return of urban OWPs to the soil in agriculture 227 10.4. How to meet the needs of agriculture 229 10.5. What are the challenges associated with the agricultural recycling of municipal waste? 234 10.6. Environmental balance sheet 238 10.7. Value chain organization 240 10.8. Farmers' perception of agricultural recycling of urban OWPs and social acceptability. 240 10.9. Conclusion 241 10.10. Reference 242 Chapter 11. Biogas and Biomass Valorization Circuits at the Farm and Territory Levels 249 Jeanne CADIOU and Jean-Marc MEYNARD 11.1. Introduction 249 11.2. New biomass flows find new uses in agriculture 251 11.3. By modifying the flows and uses of biomass, biogas production renews the links between farms and territory: a case study from Grand Est 254 11.4. New sustainability challenges emerge on farms and in territories 259 11.5. A biogas development policy faced with the challenge of current regulatory dynamics? 263 11.6. Conclusion 265 11.7. Reference 265 Chapter 12. Databases for Analyzing Relationships Between Farm Holdings and Territories 269 Philippe MARTIN and Myriam GRILLOT 12.1. Interest in and availability of databases for the analysis of farm–territory relationships 269 12.2. Databases 271 12.3. SI-BOAT: an information system for agri-food systems 282 12.4. Enhancing the impact of RPG: the RPG Explorer project 289 12.5. Conclusion 300 12.6. References 301 12.7. Webography for further information or access to the databases cited 303 Conclusion 305 Philippe MARTIN and Solène PISSONNIER List of Authors 307 Index 311
Philippe Martin works as a professor at AgroParisTech, France. His research, conducted at the SADAPT Joint Research Unit (UMR SADAPT), focuses on the dynamics of agricultural systems within territories, using mixed approaches (database analysis and field surveys). Solène Pissonnier works as Associate Professor at AgroParisTech and the SADAPT Joint Research Unit (UMR SADAPT), France. Her work focuses on crop–livestock interactions at the territorial level, particularly on developing methodologies to support their development.
