Faith in Their Own Color

Black Episcopalians in Antebellum New York City

Craig D. Townsend

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English

Columbia University Press
26 October 2005

Anglican & Episcopalian Churches, Church of England; Black & Asian studies

Series: Religion and American Culture

On a September afternoon in 1853, three African American men from St. Philip's Church walked into the Convention of the Episcopal Diocese of New York and took their seats among five hundred wealthy and powerful white church leaders. Ultimately, and with great reluctance, the Convention had acceded to the men's request: official recognition for St. Philip's, the first African American Episcopal church in New York City. In Faith in Their Own Color, Craig D. Townsend tells the remarkable story of St. Philip's and its struggle to create an autonomous and independent church. His work unearths a forgotten chapter in the history of New York City and African Americans and sheds new light on the ways religious faith can both reinforce and overcome racial boundaries.

Founded in 1809, St. Philip's had endured a fire; a riot by anti-abolitionists that nearly destroyed the church; and more than forty years of discrimination by the Episcopalian hierarchy. In contrast to the majority of African Americans, who were flocking to evangelical denominations, the congregation of St. Philip's sought to define itself within an overwhelmingly white hierarchical structure. Their efforts reflected the tension between their desire for self-determination, on the one hand, and acceptance by a white denomination, on the other.

The history of St. Philip's Church also illustrates the racism and extraordinary difficulties African Americans confronted in antebellum New York City, where full abolition did not occur until 1827. Townsend describes the constant and complex negotiation of the divide between black and white New Yorkers. He also recounts the fascinating stories of historically overlooked individuals who built and fought for St. Philip's, including Rev. Peter Williams, the second African American ordained in the Episcopal Church; Dr. James McCune Smith, the first African American to earn an M.D.; pickling magnate Henry Scott; the combative priest Alexander Crummell; and John Jay II, the grandson of the first chief justice of the Supreme Court and an ardent abolitionist, who helped secure acceptance of St. Philip's.

By: Craig D. Townsend
Imprint: Columbia University Press
Country of Publication: United States
Dimensions: Height: 229mm, Width: 152mm, Spine: 22mm
Weight: 496g
ISBN: 9780231134682
ISBN 10: 0231134681
Series: Religion and American Culture
Pages: 256
Publication Date: 26 October 2005
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Active

Acknowledgments 1. Improper Associates 2. Freedom's Defects 3. Hobart and the High Church 4. One of Their Own Colour 5. An Orderly and Devout Congregation 6. A Bitter Thralldom 7. A Godly Admonition 8. Peculiar Circumstances 9. The Chains That Bind 10. Promoting Improvement 11. Partaking of the Heavenly Gift 12. To Employ a Colored Clergyman 13. A State of Schism 14. A Bishop's Trials 15. Exciting the Deepest Feelings 16. Vouchsafed to All Men 17. The Heart Must Be Changed 18. The Beauties of Freedom 19. Economic Opportunity and Religious Choice 20. Attentive to Their Devotions 21. The Express Wishes of Nearly All 22. Injurious to the Cause of Religion 23. A Fulness of Assent 24. But One Fold and One Chief Shepherd Appendix. Parishioners of St. Philip's Church Notes Index

Craig D. Townsend is an Episcopal priest and associate rector for education at St. James' Church in New York City. He received his doctorate in the study of religion from Harvard University. Craig Townsend is Associate Rector at St. James' Church in New York City. His Ph.D. is in religion from the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard, where he studied with David D. Hall and William R. Hutchison.

Reviews for Faith in Their Own Color: Black Episcopalians in Antebellum New York City

""A fascinating encounter with the dynamics of social and religious change impating African Americans in antebellum New York."" -- A.J. Williams-Myers, Multicultural Review ""Townsend's book is invaluable to any scholar... and has wide application for students of religion and race."" -- Graham Russel Gao Hodges, The Journal of American History ""[An] important contribution to our understanding of a neglected chapter of New York City religious history."" -- Kenneth A. Scherzer,, H-Net Reviews "" Faith in Their Own Color will be of interest to all historians of the antebellum North and deserves a wide readership."" -- David Brown, Ecclesiastical History