Elite Origins of Democracy and Development in the Muslim World

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Michael T. Rock (Bryn Mawr College, USA) Soli Özel (Kadir Has University, Turkey)

Elite Origins of Democracy and Development in the Muslim World

Michael T. Rock (Bryn Mawr College, USA), Soli Özel (Kadir Has University, Turkey)

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English

Routledge
06 May 2025

Regional studies; Development studies; Social & political philosophy; Political leaders & leadership; Political structures: democracy

Series: Democratization and Autocratization Studies

Using an elite consensus/conflict analytical frame, this book examines why some majority Muslim countries perform so much better at democracy and/or development than others, questioning received wisdoms that Islam, authoritarianism, and underdevelopment go together. Identifying four distinct democracy and development outcomes in the Muslim world, four case studies are interrogated to show that there is more variability in democracy and development outcomes in Muslim majority countries than macro-historical studies and aggregate data have shown.

By demonstrating that democracy and development outcomes in Muslim countries are the consequence of elite conflict and elite consensus, rather than the precepts or institutions of Islam, the book places the competition for power among contending elites, rather than Islam, at the center of the story of democracy and development in the Muslim world.

This book will be of key interest to scholars and students of political development/development studies, democratization and autocratization studies, democracy promotion, and more broadly comparative politics.

By: Michael T. Rock (Bryn Mawr College USA), Soli Özel (Kadir Has University, Turkey)
Imprint: Routledge
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions: Height: 234mm, Width: 156mm,
Weight: 480g
ISBN: 9781032450681
ISBN 10: 1032450681
Series: Democratization and Autocratization Studies
Pages: 246
Publication Date: 06 May 2025
Audience: College/higher education , Primary
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

Michael T. Rock is Sam and Etta Wexler Professor Emeritus of Economic History at Department of Economics, Bryn Mawr College. Soli Özel is Professor of International Relations at the Department of International Relations Kadir Has University.

Reviews for Elite Origins of Democracy and Development in the Muslim World

""Despite decolonization, most Muslim countries remain autocracies, including most remaining oil-rich absolute monarchies. Their long-run growth has been slow, averaging 1.7% annually before the pandemic. Unsurprisingly, much academic writing claims to explain why Islam is associated with dictatorship and economic backwardness. Rock and Ozel offer a more variegated and nuanced analysis. After surveying the inconclusive literature, their analytical framework and case studies (of Egypt, Indonesia, Malaysia and Turkey) argue unified elites achieved democracy and development which ruling class divisions undermined."" Jomo Kwame Sundaram, Emeritus Professor and ex-UN Assistant Secretary-General ""This important, timeless, and refreshing volume sheds light on critical questions of democracy and development in the Muslim world. Rock and Ozel’s painstaking research reveals the divergent political and developmental trajectories of Muslim majority countries in the Middle East and Asia, shining a light on the importance elite coalitions and conflict. A must read for scholars interested in questions of regime type and the political economy of development from a global perspective."" Kristin E. Fabbe, Jakurski Family Associate Professor of Business Administration, Harvard Business School, Harvard University