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Decoding the Hand

A History of Science, Medicine, and Magic

Alison Bashford

$57.95

Hardback

Forthcoming
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English
University of Chicago Press
22 December 2025
The astonishing history of palmistry and biometrics—from occult physicians to the very foundations of modern science and medicine.

Why did Isaac Newton read books on chiromancy, the occult science of hand reading that revealed the secrets of the soul? Why did Charles Darwin claim that the hand gave humans dominion over all other species? Why did psychoanalyst Charlotte Wolff climb into the primate cages of the London Zoo, taking hundreds of delicate palm prints? Why did Francis Galton, the father of fingerprinting, take palm prints too? And why did world-leading geneticists study the geometry of palm lines in their search for the secrets of chromosomal syndromes?

Decoding the Hand is an astounding history of magic, medicine, and science, of an enduring search for how our bodily surfaces might reveal an inner self—a soul, a character, an identity. From sixteenth-century occult physicians influenced by the Kabbalah to twentieth-century geneticists, and from criminologists to eugenicists, award-winning historian Alison Bashford takes us on a remarkable journey into the strange world of hand readers, revealing how signs on the hand—its shape, lines, marks, and patterns—have been elaborately decoded over the centuries. Sometimes learned, sometimes outrageously deceptive, sometimes earnest, and, more often than we ever expected, medically and scientifically trained, these palm readers of the past prove to be essential links in the human quest to peer into bodies, souls, minds, and selves. Not only for fortune-telling palmists were the future and the past, health, and character laid bare in the hand, but for other experts in bodies and minds as well: anatomists, psychiatrists, embryologists, primatologists, evolutionary biologists, geneticists, and more.

Drawing telling parallels between the divination promised by palmistry and the appeal to self-knowledge offered by modern genetic testing, Decoding the Hand also makes clear that palm-reading is far from a relic or simple charlatanism. Bashford's sagacious history of human hands touching and connecting opens wide the essential human pursuit of what lies within and beyond.
By:  
Imprint:   University of Chicago Press
Country of Publication:   United States
Dimensions:   Height: 229mm,  Width: 152mm, 
Weight:   454g
ISBN:   9780226831152
ISBN 10:   0226831159
Pages:   400
Publication Date:  
Audience:   General/trade ,  ELT Advanced
Format:   Hardback
Publisher's Status:   Forthcoming
List of Illustrations List of Abbreviations Author’s Note on Terminology Secrets Disclosed: Taken by the Hand Part I: The Early Languages of the Hand 01 Origins: Physiognomy and Chiromancy 02 Reading the Palm Across Indo-European Worlds 03 The Hand in Victorian Science and Medicine Part II: The Modernization and Medicalization of Palmistry 04 The Cheirosophy of Edward Heron-Allen 05 Fortune and the Law: Cheiro and Keiro 06 Commercial Hands: The Ellis Family 07 The Medical Palmistry of Katharine St. Hill Part III: Decoding the Hand in Twentieth-Century Biosciences 08 Fingerprints: Francis Galton’s Doctrine of Signatures 09 Anatomists of Race and the Simian Line 10 The Hand That Speaks: Charlotte Wolff 11 The Hand in the Age of Human Genetics: Lionel Penrose Conclusion Occult Medicine and the Lines of Fate Acknowledgments Notes Select Bibliography Index

Alison Bashford is Scientia Professor of History and Director of the Laureate Centre for History and Population at the University of New South Wales in Australia. She is a fellow of the British Academy and an honorary fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge. Bashford is the author, most recently, of The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution.

Reviews for Decoding the Hand: A History of Science, Medicine, and Magic

“Full of delightful historical twists and insights, Bashford argues that the practice of reading signs in the hand has been part of medical diagnostics from chiromancy in late medieval times to modern genetics. She shows how the lines and ridges on our hands have served as a language to those who can read it—a language that tells a story about the inner secrets of the body. Ingenious and fascinating, this is history at its best.” -- Janet Browne, Aramont Professor of the History of Science, Emeritus, Harvard University, and author of ""Charles Darwin: A Biography"" and editor of ""The Quotable Darwin"" “In this compelling and wide-ranging book, Bashford journeys through centuries of interpreters’ fascinations with the hand, the lessons about personality and about fate that its shape and size, its marks and forms, might carry. Questioning and often subverting received distinctions between scientific reason and allegedly occult skill and knowledge, these stories show how histories of palm-reading and fingerprinting, of fortune-telling and of genetics, were often entangled. The book will be an indispensable guide for anyone interested in how the sciences and practices of self-knowledge emerged in modernity, and the many intriguing lives and careers on which they have depended.” -- Simon Schaffer, professor of history of science, University of Cambridge, and coauthor of ""Leviathan and the Air-Pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the Experimental Life"" “An unexpected joy. Decoding the Hand is a fabulous book that charts a history of the hand from ancient sources to twentieth-century genetics, with both learning and lightness. It offers a broad history, lavishly illustrated, and is built around a series of individually interesting case studies that will appeal to readers interested in the history of the occult and magic as well as those interested in the history of science and medicine. And it is all framed within a broader historiographical argument about the development of medical knowledge and the contested process of disenchantment. As Bashford herself puts it toward the end of the book: ‘This isn’t (just) a history of fun and quirky medicine, it is the history of medicine.’ Excellent.” -- David Stack, University of Reading, and author of ""Queen Victoria’s Skull: George Combe and the Mid-Victorian Mind"" “A daring and joyously intelligent book.” * The Wall Street Journal, on ""The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution"" * “A masterpiece."" * The New Statesman, on ""The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution"" * “Wonderfully ambitious.” * The Observer, on ""The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution"" * “A crowning achievement. . . . Magnificent.” * Australian Book Review, on ""The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution"" * “A tour de force of popular science writing.” * The Sydney Morning Herald, on ""The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution"" * Best Books of 2022 * The New Yorker, on ""The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution"" * Best Books of 2022 * The Economist, on ""The Huxleys: An Intimate History of Evolution"" *


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