AutoCAD 2018 and AutoCAD LT 2018 Essentials

Introduction xiii Chapter 1 Get ting Star ted 1 Sign In to Autodesk 360 on the Start Tab 1 Exercise 1.1: Configure Autodesk 360  1 Explore the AutoCAD 2018 for Windows User Interface  4 Exercise 1.2: Explore the Graphical User Interface   4 Exercise 1.3: Control the AutoCAD Ribbon   9 Set Drawing Units  13 Exercise 1.4: Set the AutoCAD Drawing Units  14 Chapter 2 Gaining Basic Drawing Skills 17 Navigate 2D Drawings  17 Exercise 2.1: Navigate a Drawing 17 Draw Lines and Rectangles  21 Exercise 2.2: Draw Lines  21 Exercise 2.3: Draw Rectangles 24 Cancel, Erase, and Undo  25 Exercise 2.4: Correct Mistakes 25 Use Coordinate Systems  27 Exercise 2.5: Use Absolute Coordinates  27 Exercise 2.6: Use Relative Coordinates 28 Exercise 2.7: Use Polar Coordinates 29 Draw Circles, Arcs, and Polygons 33 Exercise 2.8: Create Circles   33 Exercise 2.9: Create Arcs  36 Exercise 2.10: Draw Polygons  38 Use Fillet and Chamfer  40 Exercise 2.11: Join Nonparallel Lines  40 Exercise 2.12: Join Crossed Lines with Fillet  41 Chapter 3 Using Drawing Aids 43 Use Grid and Snap  43 Exercise 3.1: Draw with Grid and Snap 44t e n t s Employ Ortho and Polar Tracking  47 Exercise 3.2: Draw with Ortho and Polar Tracking  47 Use PolarSnap  48 Exercise 3.3: Draw with PolarSnap 49 Select Running Object Snaps   51 Exercise 3.4: Draw with Running Object Snaps  51 Harness the From Snap 54 Exercise 3.5: Use the From Snap 54 Apply Object Snap Tracking  55 Exercise 3.6: Use Object Snap Tracking  55 Chapter 4 Editing Entities 59 Create Selection Sets 59 Exercise 4.1: Create a Selection Set at the Select Objects: Prompt  60 Exercise 4.2: Create a Selection Set Before Deciding on a Command   62 Use Move and Copy  66 Exercise 4.3: Move and Copy  66 Use Rotate and Scale 70 Exercise 4.4: Rotate and Scale 70 Work with Arrays  73 Exercise 4.5: Create a Rectangular Array 74 Exercise 4.6: Create a Polar Array 75 Use Trim and Extend 77 Exercise 4.7: Trim and Measure  77 Use Lengthen and Stretch  78 Exercise 4.8: Lengthen and Stretch 79 Use Offset and Mirror 80 Exercise 4.9: Offset and Mirror 80 Edit with Grips  82 Exercise 4.10: Edit with Grips  83 Chapter 5 Shaping Curves 85 Draw and Edit Curved Polylines  85 Exercise 5.1: Draw and Edit Curved Polylines  85 Draw Ellipses 91 Exercise 5.2: Draw Ellipses   91 Shape Splines 93 Exercise 5.3: Work with Control Vertices 94 Exercise 5.4: Work with Fit Points 98 Blend Between Objects with Splines 101 Exercise 5.5: Blend Splines  102 Chapter 6 Controlling Object Visibility and Appearance 105 Change Object Properties  105 Exercise 6.1: Edit Object Properties  106 Set the Current Layer  109 Exercise 6.2: Choose the Current Layer 110 Alter the Layer Assignments of Objects 113 Exercise 6.3: Assign Layers  113 Control Layer Visibility  116 Exercise 6.4: Toggle Layer Status 116 Exercise 6.5: Isolate Layers  118 Exercise 6.6: Save Layer States  120 Apply Linetype  121 Exercise 6.7: Use Linetype   122 Assign Properties by Object or by Layer 125 Exercise 6.8: Assign Properties  125 Manage Layer Properties  126 Exercise 6.9: Control Layer Properties  126 Isolate Objects  128 Exercise 6.10: Isolate and Hide Individual Objects  128 Chapter 7 Organizing Objects 131 Define Blocks  131 Exercise 7.1: Draw a Chair and Define It as a Block 132 Exercise 7.2: Draw a Door and Define It as a Block  135 Insert Blocks  137 Exercise 7.3: Use Blocks  137 Edit Blocks  141 Exercise 7.4: Edit Block Definitions  142 Exercise 7.5: Assign Floating Properties   143 Exercise 7.6: Nest Blocks  145 Exercise 7.7: Explode Blocks  147t e n t s Redefine Blocks  148 Exercise 7.8: Redefine Block Definitions   148 Work with Groups  151 Exercise 7.9: Create Groups  151 Chapter 8 Hatching and Gradients 155 Specify Hatch Areas 155 Exercise 8.1: Pick Points to Determine Boundaries 155 Exercise 8.2: Select Objects to Define Boundaries  159 Associate Hatches with Boundaries 161 Exercise 8.3: Associate Boundaries  161 Hatch with Patterns 163 Exercise 8.4: Specify Properties 164 Exercise 8.5: Separate Hatch Areas  165 Hatch with Gradients  168 Exercise 8.6: Create Gradients  168 Chapter 9 Working with Blocks and Xrefs 171 Work with Global Blocks  171 Exercise 9.1: Write a Local Block Definition to a File  171 Exercise 9.2: Insert a Drawing as a Local Block   175 Exercise 9.3: Redefine Local Blocks with Global Blocks  177 Access Content Globally  179 Exercise 9.4: Access Global Content  179 Store Content on Tool Palettes  180 Exercise 9.5: Add to the Tool Palettes 180 Reference External Drawings and Images 183 Exercise 9.6: Use Xrefs  183 Chapter 10 Creating and Editing Text 189 Style Text  189 Exercise 10.1: Create Text Styles 189 Write Lines of Text  191 Exercise 10.2: Create Text to Fit 191 Exercise 10.3: Justify Text   193 Exercise 10.4: Transform and Create Text  194 Write and Format Paragraphs Using MTEXT  197 Exercise 10.5: Write and Format with MTEXT   197t Edit Text   200 Exercise 10.6: Edit Content and Properties  201 Exercise 10.7: Work with Columns 202 Recognize and Combine Text  203 Exercise 10.8: Import, Recognize, and Combine Text from PDF  204 Chapter 11 Dimensioning 209 Style Dimensions  209 Exercise 11.1: Create Dimension Styles 210 Add Dimensions  215 Exercise 11.2: Use Inquiry Commands  215 Exercise 11.3: Add Dimension Objects  218 Exercise 11.4: Add and Style Multileaders  222 Edit Dimensions  223 Exercise 11.5: Alter Dimension Objects 223 Chapter 12 Keeping In Control with Constraints 227 Work with Geometric Constraints 227 Exercise 12.1: Use Geometric Constraints  227 Apply Dimensional Constraints  230 Exercise 12.2: Create Dimensional Constraints   231 Constrain Objects Simultaneously with Geometry and Dimensions 234 Exercise 12.3: Use Simultaneous Constraints  234 Make Parametric Changes to Constrained Objects   236 Exercise 12.4: Alter Constraint Parameters  237 Chapter 13 Working with Layouts and Annotative Objects 239 Create Annotative Styles and Objects 239 Exercise 13.1: Work with Annotative Text  240 Exercise 13.2: Work with Annotative Dimensions 243 Create Layouts  245 Exercise 13.3: Configure Layouts 245 Adjust Floating Viewports 248 Exercise 13.4: Work on Layout1 249 Exercise 13.5: Work on Layout2 252 Override Layer Properties in Layout Viewports  254 Exercise 13.6: Override Layer Properties   255 Draw on Layouts  256 Exercise 13.7: Lay Out Geometry 256on t e n t s Introduction xiii Chapter 1 Get ting Star ted 1 Sign In to Autodesk 360 on the Start Tab 1 Exercise 1.1: Configure Autodesk 360  1 Explore the AutoCAD 2018 for Windows User Interface  4 Exercise 1.2: Explore the Graphical User Interface   4 Exercise 1.3: Control the AutoCAD Ribbon   9 Set Drawing Units  13 Exercise 1.4: Set the AutoCAD Drawing Units  14 Chapter 2 Gaining Basic Drawing Skills 17 Navigate 2D Drawings  17 Exercise 2.1: Navigate a Drawing 17 Draw Lines and Rectangles  21 Exercise 2.2: Draw Lines  21 Exercise 2.3: Draw Rectangles 24 Cancel, Erase, and Undo  25 Exercise 2.4: Correct Mistakes 25 Use Coordinate Systems  27 Exercise 2.5: Use Absolute Coordinates  27 Exercise 2.6: Use Relative Coordinates 28 Exercise 2.7: Use Polar Coordinates 29 Draw Circles, Arcs, and Polygons 33 Exercise 2.8: Create Circles   33 Exercise 2.9: Create Arcs  36 Exercise 2.10: Draw Polygons  38 Use Fillet and Chamfer  40 Exercise 2.11: Join Nonparallel Lines  40 Exercise 2.12: Join Crossed Lines with Fillet  41 Chapter 3 Using Drawing Aids 43 Use Grid and Snap  43 Exercise 3.1: Draw with Grid and Snap 44t e n t s Employ Ortho and Polar Tracking  47 Exercise 3.2: Draw with Ortho and Polar Tracking  47 Use PolarSnap  48 Exercise 3.3: Draw with PolarSnap 49 Select Running Object Snaps   51 Exercise 3.4: Draw with Running Object Snaps  51 Harness the From Snap 54 Exercise 3.5: Use the From Snap 54 Apply Object Snap Tracking  55 Exercise 3.6: Use Object Snap Tracking  55 Chapter 4 Editing Entities 59 Create Selection Sets 59 Exercise 4.1: Create a Selection Set at the Select Objects: Prompt  60 Exercise 4.2: Create a Selection Set Before Deciding on a Command   62 Use Move and Copy  66 Exercise 4.3: Move and Copy  66 Use Rotate and Scale 70 Exercise 4.4: Rotate and Scale 70 Work with Arrays  73 Exercise 4.5: Create a Rectangular Array 74 Exercise 4.6: Create a Polar Array 75 Use Trim and Extend 77 Exercise 4.7: Trim and Measure  77 Use Lengthen and Stretch  78 Exercise 4.8: Lengthen and Stretch 79 Use Offset and Mirror 80 Exercise 4.9: Offset and Mirror 80 Edit with Grips  82 Exercise 4.10: Edit with Grips  83 Chapter 5 Shaping Curves 85 Draw and Edit Curved Polylines  85 Exercise 5.1: Draw and Edit Curved Polylines  85 Draw Ellipses 91 Exercise 5.2: Draw Ellipses   91 Shape Splines 93 Exercise 5.3: Work with Control Vertices 94 Exercise 5.4: Work with Fit Points 98 Blend Between Objects with Splines 101 Exercise 5.5: Blend Splines  102 Chapter 6 Controlling Object Visibility and Appearance 105 Change Object Properties  105 Exercise 6.1: Edit Object Properties  106 Set the Current Layer  109 Exercise 6.2: Choose the Current Layer 110 Alter the Layer Assignments of Objects 113 Exercise 6.3: Assign Layers  113 Control Layer Visibility  116 Exercise 6.4: Toggle Layer Status 116 Exercise 6.5: Isolate Layers  118 Exercise 6.6: Save Layer States  120 Apply Linetype  121 Exercise 6.7: Use Linetype   122 Assign Properties by Object or by Layer 125 Exercise 6.8: Assign Properties  125 Manage Layer Properties  126 Exercise 6.9: Control Layer Properties  126 Isolate Objects  128 Exercise 6.10: Isolate and Hide Individual Objects  128 Chapter 7 Organizing Objects 131 Define Blocks  131 Exercise 7.1: Draw a Chair and Define It as a Block 132 Exercise 7.2: Draw a Door and Define It as a Block  135 Insert Blocks  137 Exercise 7.3: Use Blocks  137 Edit Blocks  141 Exercise 7.4: Edit Block Definitions  142 Exercise 7.5: Assign Floating Properties   143 Exercise 7.6: Nest Blocks  145 Exercise 7.7: Explode Blocks  147t e n t s Redefine Blocks  148 Exercise 7.8: Redefine Block Definitions   148 Work with Groups  151 Exercise 7.9: Create Groups  151 Chapter 8 Hatching and Gradients 155 Specify Hatch Areas 155 Exercise 8.1: Pick Points to Determine Boundaries 155 Exercise 8.2: Select Objects to Define Boundaries  159 Associate Hatches with Boundaries 161 Exercise 8.3: Associate Boundaries  161 Hatch with Patterns 163 Exercise 8.4: Specify Properties 164 Exercise 8.5: Separate Hatch Areas  165 Hatch with Gradients  168 Exercise 8.6: Create Gradients  168 Chapter 9 Working with Blocks and Xrefs 171 Work with Global Blocks  171 Exercise 9.1: Write a Local Block Definition to a File  171 Exercise 9.2: Insert a Drawing as a Local Block   175 Exercise 9.3: Redefine Local Blocks with Global Blocks  177 Access Content Globally  179 Exercise 9.4: Access Global Content  179 Store Content on Tool Palettes  180 Exercise 9.5: Add to the Tool Palettes 180 Reference External Drawings and Images 183 Exercise 9.6: Use Xrefs  183 Chapter 10 Creating and Editing Text 189 Style Text  189 Exercise 10.1: Create Text Styles 189 Write Lines of Text  191 Exercise 10.2: Create Text to Fit 191 Exercise 10.3: Justify Text   193 Exercise 10.4: Transform and Create Text  194 Write and Format Paragraphs Using MTEXT  197 Exercise 10.5: Write and Format with MTEXT   197t Edit Text   200 Exercise 10.6: Edit Content and Properties  201 Exercise 10.7: Work with Columns 202 Recognize and Combine Text  203 Exercise 10.8: Import, Recognize, and Combine Text from PDF  204 Chapter 11 Dimensioning 209 Style Dimensions  209 Exercise 11.1: Create Dimension Styles 210 Add Dimensions  215 Exercise 11.2: Use Inquiry Commands  215 Exercise 11.3: Add Dimension Objects  218 Exercise 11.4: Add and Style Multileaders  222 Edit Dimensions  223 Exercise 11.5: Alter Dimension Objects 223 Chapter 12 Keeping In Control with Constraints 227 Work with Geometric Constraints 227 Exercise 12.1: Use Geometric Constraints  227 Apply Dimensional Constraints  230 Exercise 12.2: Create Dimensional Constraints   231 Constrain Objects Simultaneously with Geometry and Dimensions 234 Exercise 12.3: Use Simultaneous Constraints  234 Make Parametric Changes to Constrained Objects   236 Exercise 12.4: Alter Constraint Parameters  237 Chapter 13 Working with Layouts and Annotative Objects 239 Create Annotative Styles and Objects 239 Exercise 13.1: Work with Annotative Text  240 Exercise 13.2: Work with Annotative Dimensions 243 Create Layouts  245 Exercise 13.3: Configure Layouts 245 Adjust Floating Viewports 248 Exercise 13.4: Work on Layout1 249 Exercise 13.5: Work on Layout2 252 Override Layer Properties in Layout Viewports  254 Exercise 13.6: Override Layer Properties   255 Draw on Layouts  256 Exercise 13.7: Lay Out Geometry 256on t e n t s Chapter 14 Printing and Plot ting 261 Configure Output Devices  261 Exercise 14.1: Set Up a System Printer  262 Exercise 14.2: Set Up an AutoCAD Plotter  262 Create Plot Style Tables  265 Exercise 14.3: Create a Named Plot Style Table  265 Use Plot Style Tables  267 Exercise 14.4: Configure New Drawings for Named Plot Style Tables  267 Exercise 14.5: Assign Plot Styles by Layer or by Object  270 Plot in Model Space 273 Exercise 14.6: Plot from Model Space 273 Plot Layouts in Paper Space   277 Exercise 14.7: Plot from Paper Space 277 Export to an Electronic Format 280 Exercise 14.8: Export to DWF 281 Exercise 14.9: Export to PDF 282 Exercise 14.10: Share Design Views 284 Chapter 15 Working with Data 287 Geolocate Projects  287 Exercise 15.1: Geolocate a Drawing  288 Import SketchUp Models  292 Exercise 15.2: Import a SketchUp Model   292 Define Attributes and Blocks   293 Exercise 15.3: Define Attributes and a Block  294 Insert Attributed Blocks  298 Exercise 15.4: Insert Block References with Attributes  298 Edit Table Styles and Create Tables 300 Exercise 15.5: Alter a Table Style and Make a Table  300 Use Fields in Table Cells  305 Exercise 15.6: Create Fields  305 Edit Table Data  308 Exercise 15.7: Alter Table Data  308 Chapter 16 Navigating 3D Models 317 Use Visual Styles  317 Exercise 16.1: Explore Visual Styles  318 Work with Tiled Viewports  322 Exercise 16.2: Tile Viewports 322 Navigate with the ViewCube   324 Exercise 16.3: Use the ViewCube to Navigate  324 Orbit in 3D  326 Exercise 16.4: Orbit  326 Use Cameras 328 Exercise 16.5: Utilize Virtual Cameras  328 Navigate with SteeringWheels  331 Exercise 16.6: Use SteeringWheels to Navigate  331 Save Views 334 Exercise 16.7: Save Views  334 Chapter 17 Modeling in 3D 337 Create Surface Models  337 Exercise 17.1: Make Planar Surfaces  338 Exercise 17.2: Revolve a 2D Profile to Create a 3D Model  339 Exercise 17.3: Sweep Out 3D Geometry 340 Exercise 17.4: Extrude 2D Geometry into 3D   342 Edit Surface Models  344 Exercise 17.5: Trim Surfaces with Other Surfaces 344 Exercise 17.6: Project Edges on Surfaces  345 Exercise 17.7: Trim Surfaces with Edges  348 Create Solid Models 350 Exercise 17.8: Extrude Solid Objects 350 Exercise 17.9: Loft Solid Objects 354 Edit Solid Models  356 Exercise 17.10: Perform Boolean Operations  356 Exercise 17.11: Edit Solids   359 Smooth Mesh Models  363 Exercise 17.12: Create, Edit, and Smooth Mesh  363 Live-Section Models 365 Exercise 17.13: Create and Edit a Section Plane   365 Chapter 18 Presenting and Documenting 3D Design 369 Assign Materials  370 Exercise 18.1: Apply Materials  370t e n t s Place and Adjust Lights  376 Exercise 18.2: Add Artificial Lights  376 Exercise 18.3: Simulate Natural Light  382 Create Renderings 383 Exercise 18.4: Make Realistic Renderings in the Cloud 383 Document Models with Drawings  387 Exercise 18.5: Document Models 387 Appendix A Making Isometric Drawings 393 Appendix B Autodesk™ AutoCAD™ 2018 Certif ication 399 Index 403 Configure Output Devices  261 Exercise 14.1: Set Up a System Printer  262 Exercise 14.2: Set Up an AutoCAD Plotter  262 Create Plot Style Tables  265 Exercise 14.3: Create a Named Plot Style Table  265 Use Plot Style Tables  267 Exercise 14.4: Configure New Drawings for Named Plot Style Tables  267 Exercise 14.5: Assign Plot Styles by Layer or by Object  270 Plot in Model Space 273 Exercise 14.6: Plot from Model Space 273 Plot Layouts in Paper Space   277 Exercise 14.7: Plot from Paper Space 277 Export to an Electronic Format 280 Exercise 14.8: Export to DWF 281 Exercise 14.9: Export to PDF 282 Exercise 14.10: Share Design Views 284 Chapter 15 Working with Data 287 Geolocate Projects  287 Exercise 15.1: Geolocate a Drawing  288 Import SketchUp Models  292 Exercise 15.2: Import a SketchUp Model   292 Define Attributes and Blocks   293 Exercise 15.3: Define Attributes and a Block  294 Insert Attributed Blocks  298 Exercise 15.4: Insert Block References with Attributes  298 Edit Table Styles and Create Tables 300 Exercise 15.5: Alter a Table Style and Make a Table  300 Use Fields in Table Cells  305 Exercise 15.6: Create Fields  305 Edit Table Data  308 Exercise 15.7: Alter Table Data  308 Chapter 16 Navigating 3D Models 317 Use Visual Styles  317 Exercise 16.1: Explore Visual Styles  318 Work with Tiled Viewports  322 Exercise 16.2: Tile Viewports 322 Navigate with the ViewCube   324 Exercise 16.3: Use the ViewCube to Navigate  324 Orbit in 3D  326 Exercise 16.4: Orbit  326 Use Cameras 328 Exercise 16.5: Utilize Virtual Cameras  328 Navigate with SteeringWheels  331 Exercise 16.6: Use SteeringWheels to Navigate  331 Save Views 334 Exercise 16.7: Save Views  334 Chapter 17 Modeling in 3D 337 Create Surface Models  337 Exercise 17.1: Make Planar Surfaces  338 Exercise 17.2: Revolve a 2D Profile to Create a 3D Model  339 Exercise 17.3: Sweep Out 3D Geometry 340 Exercise 17.4: Extrude 2D Geometry into 3D   342 Edit Surface Models  344 Exercise 17.5: Trim Surfaces with Other Surfaces 344 Exercise 17.6: Project Edges on Surfaces  345 Exercise 17.7: Trim Surfaces with Edges  348 Create Solid Models 350 Exercise 17.8: Extrude Solid Objects 350 Exercise 17.9: Loft Solid Objects 354 Edit Solid Models  356 Exercise 17.10: Perform Boolean Operations  356 Exercise 17.11: Edit Solids   359 Smooth Mesh Models  363 Exercise 17.12: Create, Edit, and Smooth Mesh  363 Live-Section Models 365 Exercise 17.13: Create and Edit a Section Plane   365 Chapter 18 Presenting and Documenting 3D Design 369 Assign Materials  370 Exercise 18.1: Apply Materials  370t e n t s Place and Adjust Lights  376 Exercise 18.2: Add Artificial Lights  376 Exercise 18.3: Simulate Natural Light  382 Create Renderings 383 Exercise 18.4: Make Realistic Renderings in the Cloud 383 Document Models with Drawings  387 Exercise 18.5: Document Models 387 Appendix A Making Isometric Drawings 393 Appendix B Autodesk™ AutoCAD™ 2018 Certif ication 399 Index 403