Sir Isaiah Berlin was born in Riga, Latvia, in 1909. In 1921 his family came to England, and he was educated at St Paul's School and Corpus Christi College, Oxford. At Oxford he was a Fellow of New College, Professor of Social and Political Theory, and founding President of Wolfson College. He also held the Presidency of the British Academy. As an exponent of the history of ideas he was awarded the Erasmus, Lippincott and Agnelli Prizes; he also received the Jerusalem Prize for his lifelong defence of civil liberties. He died in November 1997. Henry Hardy, a Fellow of Wolfson College, Oxford, is one of Isaiah Berlin's Literary Trustees. He has edited several other books by Berlin.
This is a collection of six lectures originally given by Isaiah Berlin on BBC Radio in 1952, transcriptions edited by Henry Hardy. The lectures give quick brush-paintings of the philosophies of six major thinkers - Helvetius, Rousseau, Fichte, Hegel, Saint-Simon and Maistre - and their attempts to construct a moral and political science; or, as Berlin puts it, to answer the question: 'Why should anyone obey anyone else?' They were the first ever to be broadcast without the aid of a prepared script, and caused something of a sensation when they were aired; Berlin's torrential style and extempore illustrations caught the imagination of his listeners to such an extent that The Times headed their leader column with a comment on the series. Isaiah Berlin famously spoke with a rapidity and intensity that was at once captivating and extremely hard to understand. Hardy as a result is faced with a Herculean editorial task - and a task in which he acquits himself superbly, bringing to life not only the sense of Berlin's lectures, but something of the style in which he delivered them. The resulting transcript shows Berlin to be possessed of an extraordinary gift for explaining complex ideas in clear and simple language, without appearing to dumb down, back off or gloss needlessly. He speaks swiftly, succinctly and conversationally - he can almost be heard, so natural is the flow of the editing - completely enunciating in a few pages ideas which took their originators whole books to expound. Each lecture reads independently as an incisive encapsulation of the thought of a major figure in Western philosophy, capped by a brief section showing why that thought is antithetic to human liberty. Berlin creates in flowing language a historical reader and, ultimately, a warning. Masterful. (Kirkus UK)