Invention of Hysteria: Charcot and the Photographic Iconography of the Salpêtrière

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Georges Didi-Huberman (Directeur d'études, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales) Alisa Hartz (Brown University)

Invention of Hysteria

Charcot and the Photographic Iconography of the Salpêtrière

Georges Didi-Huberman (Directeur d'études, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales), Alisa Hartz (Brown University)

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French

MIT Press
17 September 2004

Human figures depicted in art; Photography & photographs; History of medicine

Series: Invention of Hysteria

The first English-language publication of a classic French book on the relationship between the development of photography and of the medical category of hysteria.

In this classic of French cultural studies, Georges Didi-Huberman traces the intimate and reciprocal relationship between the disciplines of psychiatry and photography in the late nineteenth century. Focusing on the immense photographic output of the Salpetriere hospital, the notorious Parisian asylum for insane and incurable women, Didi-Huberman shows the crucial role played by photography in the invention of the category of hysteria. Under the direction of the medical teacher and clinician Jean-Martin Charcot, the inmates of Salpetriere identified as hysterics were methodically photographed, providing skeptical colleagues with visual proof of hysteria's specific form. These images, many of which appear in this book, provided the materials for the multivolume album Iconographie photographique de la Salpetriere.

As Didi-Huberman shows, these photographs were far from simply objective documentation. The subjects were required to portray their hysterical ""type""-they performed their own hysteria. Bribed by the special status they enjoyed in the purgatory of experimentation and threatened with transfer back to the inferno of the incurables, the women patiently posed for the photographs and submitted to presentations of hysterical attacks before the crowds that gathered for Charcot's ""Tuesday Lectures.""

Charcot did not stop at voyeuristic observation. Through techniques such as hypnosis, electroshock therapy, and genital manipulation, he instigated the hysterical symptoms in his patients, eventually giving rise to hatred and resistance on their part. Didi-Huberman follows this path from complicity to antipathy in one of Charcot's favorite ""cases,"" that of Augustine, whose image crops up again and again in the Iconographie. Augustine's virtuosic performance of hysteria ultimately became one of self-sacrifice, seen in pictures of ecstasy, crucifixion, and silent cries.

By: Georges Didi-Huberman (Directeur d'études Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales)
Translated by: Alisa Hartz (Brown University)
Imprint: MIT Press
Country of Publication: United States
Edition: New edition
Dimensions: Height: 254mm, Width: 178mm, Spine: 25mm
Weight: 816g
ISBN: 9780262541800
ISBN 10: 0262541807
Series: Invention of Hysteria
Pages: 385
Publication Date: 17 September 2004
Recommended Age: From 18 years
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

Georges Didi-Huberman, a philosopher and art historian based in Paris, teaches at the cole des Hautes tudes en Sciences Sociales. Recipient of the 2015 Adorno Prize, he is the author of more than fifty books on the history and theory of images, including Invention of Hysteria- Charcot and the Photographic Iconography of the Salpatri re (MIT Press), Bark (MIT Press), Images in Spite of All- Four Photographs from Auschwitz, and The Surviving Image- Phantoms of Time and Time of Phantoms- Aby Warburg's History of Art.

Reviews for Invention of Hysteria: Charcot and the Photographic Iconography of the Salpêtrière

""This poetic account of the relationship between photography and madness will interest any student of art or mental health, for seldom have these fields been so definitively intertwined."" - Publishers Weekly