Three Liability Regimes for Artificial Intelligence: Algorithmic Actants, Hybrids, Crowds

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Dr Anna Beckers Professor Dr Gunther Teubner

Three Liability Regimes for Artificial Intelligence

Algorithmic Actants, Hybrids, Crowds

Dr Anna Beckers, Professor Dr Gunther Teubner

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Hardback

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English

Hart Publishing
27 January 2022

Comparative law; Contract law; IT & Communications law; Torts Law

This book proposes three liability regimes to combat the wide responsibility gaps caused by AI systems – vicarious liability for autonomous software agents (actants); enterprise liability for inseparable human-AI interactions (hybrids); and collective fund liability for interconnected AI systems (crowds).

Based on information technology studies, the book first develops a threefold typology that distinguishes individual, hybrid and collective machine behaviour. A subsequent social science analysis specifies the socio-digital institutions related to this threefold typology. Then it determines the social risks that emerge when algorithms operate within these institutions. Actants raise the risk of digital autonomy, hybrids the risk of double contingency in human-algorithm encounters, crowds the risk of opaque interconnections. The book demonstrates that the law needs to respond to these specific risks, by recognising personified algorithms as vicarious agents, human-machine associations as collective enterprises, and interconnected systems as risk pools – and by developing corresponding liability rules.

The book relies on a unique combination of information technology studies, sociological institution and risk analysis, and comparative law. This approach uncovers recursive relations between types of machine behaviour, emergent socio-digital institutions, their concomitant risks, legal conditions of liability rules, and ascription of legal status to the algorithms involved.

By: Dr Anna Beckers, Professor Dr Gunther Teubner
Imprint: Hart Publishing
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions: Height: 234mm, Width: 156mm,
Weight: 467g
ISBN: 9781509949335
ISBN 10: 150994933X
Pages: 208
Publication Date: 27 January 2022
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Hardback
Publisher's Status: Active

Anna Beckers is Assistant Professor of Private Law and Legal Methodology at the Faculty of Law, Maastricht University, the Netherlands. Gunther Teubner is Professor Emeritus of Private Law and Legal Sociology at the Faculty of Law, Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, Germany.