Electrospinning

Preface xv 1 Electrospinning Theory 1 Liang Wei 1.1 Nanotechnology and Nanofibers 1 1.2 Research History of Electrospinning 3 1.3 Development Prospect of Electrospinning 10 2 Regulation of Electrospun Fiber Structure 15 Jiatai Gu and Liming Wang 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 Solution Properties 15 2.3 Spinning Parameters 19 2.4 Nozzles 22 2.5 Collectors 23 2.6 Conclusions 24 3 Mass Production of Electrospun Nanofibers 29 Xian Wen and Liming Wang 3.1 Introduction 29 3.2 Multiple-needle Electrospinning 30 3.3 Multiple-hole Electrospinning 31 3.4 Free-surface Electrospinning 32 3.5 Melt Electrospinning 36 3.6 Multifield-assisted Electrospinning 38 3.7 Future and Prospects 38 4 Manufacturing and Application of Electrospinning Nanofiber Yarn 45 Ailin Li, Liming Wang, and Xiaohong Qin 4.1 Introduction 45 4.2 Electrospun Pure Nanofiber Yarns 46 4.3 Electrospun Core-spun Yarns 57 4.4 Micro-/nanofiber Composite Yarns 62 4.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 64 5 Application of Electrospinning in Air Filtration 71 Yunpu Liu and Xiaohong Qin 5.1 Introduction 71 5.2 Characterization of Filtration Effect of Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes 73 5.3 Filtration Mechanism of Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes 75 5.4 Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Air Filtration 77 5.5 Functional Nanofibrous Membranes for Filtration 95 5.6 Summary and Prospect 101 6 Electrospun Nanofibers for Separation Applications in Oil–Water Systems 109 Chengdong Xiong and Rongwu Wang 6.1 Introduction 109 6.2 Current Situation of Oily Wastewater 109 6.3 Electrospun Nanofibrous Membranes for Oil–Water Separation 114 6.4 Summary and Future Perspectives 124 7 Electrospun Nanofiber-based Evaporators for Interfacial Solar-driven Steam Generation 135 Huijie Liu and Xiaohong Qin 7.1 Introduction 135 7.2 Interfacial Solar Steam Generation (ISSG) System 135 7.3 The Photothermal Conversion Materials and Steam Generation Efficiency Calculation 136 7.4 The Preparation of the Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Evaporators 138 7.5 Applications 141 7.6 Conclusion and Future Perspective 146 8 Electrospinning Waterproof and Breathable Membrane 153 Lu Zhang, Lei Zhang, and Li Liu 8.1 Introduction 153 8.2 Waterproof and Breathable Theory 154 8.3 Classification of Waterproof and Breathable Membranes 156 8.4 Methods of Fabricating Waterproof and Breathable Membrane 159 8.5 Applications of Waterproof and Breathable Membrane 162 8.6 Summary 167 9 Preparation and Application of Electrospun Nanofibers in Heat Insulation 173 Mantang He and Xiaohong Qin 9.1 Introduction 173 9.2 Heat Transfer Mechanisms in Nanofiber-Based Insulation Materials 174 9.3 2D Electrospun Nanofibrous Membrane for Heat Insulation 177 9.4 3D Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Aerogels for Heat Insulation 178 9.5 Conclusion 185 10 Research Progress on Sound Absorption of Electrospun Fibrous Materials 189 Jinyu He and Xinxin li 10.1 Introduction 189 10.2 Mechanism of Sound Absorption 190 10.3 Classification of Sound-Absorbing Materials 191 10.4 Electrospun Fibrous Materials for Sound Absorption 194 10.5 Effect of Electrospinning Parameters on Sound Absorption 197 10.6 Future Development of Sound-Absorbing Electrospun Materials 198 11 Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator 205 Chentian Zhang and Xueping Zhang 11.1 Introduction 205 11.2 Triboelectric Nanogenerator 205 11.3 Electrospun Nanofiber-Based TENG 207 11.4 Electrospun Nanofiber-Based TENG for Energy Harvesting 211 11.5 Conclusion and Prospect 215 12 Preparation and Application of Thermoelectric Materials and Devices Based on Electrospun Fibers 219 Xinyang He and Liming Wang 12.1 Introduction 219 12.2 Design and Fabrication of Thermoelectric Materials Based on Electrospinning 220 12.3 Application of Electrospun Thermoelectric System 228 12.4 Conclusion and Prospects 230 13 Electrospun Nanofiber-Based Water-Induced Electric Generation 235 Zhaoyang Sun and Liming Wang 13.1 Introduction 235 13.2 Liquid Water System 236 13.3 Gaseous Water System 238 13.4 Outlook 242 14 Electrospun Nanofibers for Flexible Sensors 247 Fei Wang and Xueping Zhang 14.1 Introduction 247 14.2 Mechanical Sensor 248 14.3 Temperature and Humidity Sensor 254 14.4 Gas Sensor 257 14.5 Electrochemical Biosensor 259 14.6 Conclusion and Perspective 263 15 Preparation and Application of Electrospun Liquid-Metal-Based Stretchable Electronics 269 Maorong Zheng and Liming Wang 15.1 Introduction 269 15.2 Combination Method of Electrospinning and LMs 270 15.3 Application of LM-based Stretchable Electronic System 276 15.4 Conclusion and Prospects 278 16 Preparation and Application of Electrospun Photocatalysts 283 Wendi Liu and Hongnan Zhang 16.1 Introduction 283 16.2 Photocatalysis 284 16.3 Electrospun Photocatalyst 285 16.4 Composite Electrospun Photocatalyst 289 16.5 Application 293 16.6 Conclusion and Prospect 296 17 Smart Electrospun Actuators 301 li liu and Lei Zhang 17.1 Introduction 301 17.2 Mechanism of Soft Actuators 302 17.3 Fabrication of Electrospun Actuators 303 17.4 Evaluation of Electrospun Actuators 304 17.5 Types of Electrospun Actuators 306 17.6 Conclusions and Perspectives 312 18 Electrospun Nanofibers for Biomedical Applications 317 Zhaoxuan Ding and Xinxin li 18.1 Introduction 317 18.2 Wound Dressing 318 18.3 Tissue Engineering Scaffold 323 18.4 Drug Release Carrier 328 18.5 Conclusion 333 References 334 Index 339