Reason and Experience in Mendelssohn and Kant

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Paul Guyer (Jonathan Nelson Professor of Humanities and Philosophy, Jonathan Nelson Professor of Humanities and Philosophy, Brown University)

Reason and Experience in Mendelssohn and Kant

Paul Guyer (Jonathan Nelson Professor of Humanities and Philosophy, Jonathan Nelson Professor of Humanities and Philosophy, Brown University)

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English

Oxford University Press
29 October 2025

Western philosophy: Enlightenment; Philosophy: metaphysics & ontology; Philosophy: aesthetics; Philosophy of religion

Reason and Experience in Mendelssohn and Kant provides the first in-depth examination of the lifelong intellectual relationship between two of the greatest figures of the European Enlightenment, Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) and Moses Mendelssohn (1729-86). Both were engaged in a common project of striking the right balance between rationalism and empiricism. They sometimes borrowed from one another, often disagreed with one another, and can usefully be compared even when they did not directly interact. Guyer examines a series of comparisons and contrasts: their arguments and conclusions on a range of metaphysical issues, including proofs of the existence of God, immortality, and idealism; their shared interests in aesthetics; and their path-breaking work on the ""religion of reason"" and the separation of church and state. Setting the work of both philosophers in historical context, Guyer shows that, where Kant sometimes provides deeper insight into the underlying structure of human thought, Mendelssohn is often the deeper student of the variety of human experience. This is evident above all in their treatments of aesthetics and religion: Mendelssohn recognizes more deeply than Kant the emotional impact of art, and while Kant imagines that organized religion will one day be superseded by pure morality, Mendelssohn argued that organized religion in all its varieties seems here to stay, and so toleration for religious variety is an inescapable requirement of human morality. Based on an exhaustive study of a wide range of texts, this study demonstrates the ongoing relevance of Kant and Mendelssohn to modern thought.

By: Paul Guyer (Jonathan Nelson Professor of Humanities and Philosophy Jonathan Nelson Professor of Humanities and Philosophy Brown University)
Imprint: Oxford University Press
Country of Publication: United Kingdom
Dimensions: Height: 19mm, Width: 156mm, Spine: 234mm
Weight: 549g
ISBN: 9780198989820
ISBN 10: 0198989822
Pages: 368
Publication Date: 29 October 2025
Audience: Professional and scholarly , Undergraduate
Format: Paperback
Publisher's Status: Active

Paul Guyer is emeritus professor of philosophy and humanities at Brown University and the University of Pennsylvania. He is the author, editor, and/or translator of more than thirty books, and was General Co-Editor of the Cambridge Edition of the Works of Immanuel Kant. His most recent books with Oxford University Press are Idealism in Modern Philosophy (2023, with Rolf-Horstmann) and Kant's Impact on Moral Philosophy (2024). Professor Guyer was the recipient of the 2024 International Kant Prize of the Kant Gesellschaft and Fritz Thyssen Foundation. He is a Member of the American Philosophical Society, a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a Corresponding Foreign Member of the Academy of Athens.

Reviews for Reason and Experience in Mendelssohn and Kant

Reason and Experience in Mendelssohn and Kant . . . is the culmination of years of careful reading and thinking about both Kant and Mendelssohn. This book traces the influence that Kant and Mendelssohn had on each other's thinking and offers a developmental account of each of them on topics central to their philosophical projects. . . . Its arguments are detailed and careful. The comparison of the two thinkers offers a broader context for reflecting on each of the issues and the commitments they entail. This book also reminds readers that the debates of our age may not be so unique, but have deep iterations across the history of philosophy. * Kristi Sweet, Journal of the History of Philosophy * Paul Guyer's Reason and Experience in Mendelssohn and Kant is unique in its remarkably thorough treatment of the life-long debates between the two philosophers. * Ekin Erkan, International Journal of Philosophical Studies * Guyer's philosophically, exegetically, and historically rich book is indispensable reading for anyone interested in Kant, Mendelssohn, or eighteenth-century philosophy. * Elias Sacks, Kantian Review *