Food, Climate, and Carbon Dioxide

Introduction Scope of the Volume Role of Climate in Agriculture and Human Progress Historical Aspects Climate as a Resource in Food Production Introduction Temperature Lengths of the Growing Season Interannual Variations Extreme Events Growing Degree Days Water Resources Precipitation Patterns Irrigation Drought The Chemical Climate Sunlight, Solar Energy, and Cloud Cover Protected Cultivation - Controlled Environment Agriculture Climatic Impacts from Rising Levels of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide and Other Greenhouse Gases Introduction: Historical Records, Current Status, and Projections Temperature Precipitation Rapidity of Climate Change Lengthening of Growing Season Frosts and Freezes - Frequency and Timing Frequency of Drought Enhancement of Potential Evapotranspiration Climate Modeling and Analogs Crop Modeling Climate and Food Scenarios Direct Effects of Rising Levels of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide on Crops Introduction and History Photosynthetic Capacity Water Use Efficiency Irrigated Crop Production Interactions with Air Pollutants Pest Control - Species Competition Crop Responses - Differential Effects of Plant Parts Biological Nitrogen Fixation Mutually Compensating Growth Factors Greenhouse Crop Production Global and Regional Projections of a CO2-Induced Climate Change and Food Production Introduction: Food Production and the Resource Base The Major Food Crops Forest Trees and Forests Vegetable Crops Rangelands, Grazing Lands, Wetlands Aquatic Plants Other Considerations Livestock and Poultry: The Food Animals Global Implications for Developed and Developing Economies Other Implications of Climate Change and Food Security Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Biodiversity Rise in Sea Levels Adaptation of Food Production to Climate Change as Reflected by Geographical Shifts in Crops and Livestock Impac