Canadian Prisons

"Dedication Acknowledgments Contributors Introduction Part I: Overview 1. The History of Prisons in Canada Jim Phillips Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction Early Prisons to c. 1800 The Transformation of Penal Practices c. 1800 to Confederation Confederation: The Federal-Provincial Division of Powers and the Origins of the National Penitentiary System Federal Penitentiaries 1867 to c. 1935 Signal Moments: The Archambault (1938), Fanteaux (1956), and Ouimet (1969) Reports Conclusion Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions References 2. Understanding Corrections in Canada: A Framework Allison O'Donnell Chapter Overview Learning Objectives What is ""Corrections""? Correctional Ideology The Purpose of the Canadian Correctional System Structure of the Correctional System in Canada Legislative Framework of Canadian Corrections Oversight of the Correctional System Summary Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions References 3. Canadian Criminal Justice Policy and Imprisonment: Understanding What is Uniquely Canadian Anthony N. Doob & Cheryl Marie Webster Introduction: Imprisonment as an Integral Part of the Canadian Criminal Justice System Restraint in the Use of Imprisonment of Adults as a Longstanding Principle in Canadian Criminal Justice Policy Contrasting Canada with Other Comparable Nations: The Uniqueness of Our Overall Stability in the Use of Imprisonment Understanding Canadian Imprisonment Stability: The (dramatic) Contrast with the United States as our Closest Comparator Stress Testing Canada's Belief in Restraint in the Use of Imprisonment of Adults: The Challenges Raised During the Harper Era Looking to the Future: A New Government but Little Actual Criminal Justice Reform Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions Notes References Part 2: Doing Time 4. Doing Time John Rives & Carla Cesaroni Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Life Inside and Total Institutions Understanding Coping with Prison Life: A Theoretical Perspective Additional views on Prison Life An Insider's View of Doing Time Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions Notes References 5. Correctional Work: Negotiating Vulnerabilities while Providing Control and ""Care"" Rosemary Ricciardelli & James Gacek Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction The Correctional Officer Gendered Spaces: Working within a Rather Binary Gendered Environment Stressors, Vulnerabilities, Wellbeing, and Occupational Challenges Summary Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions References 6. Reentry, Reintegration, and the Notion of ""Rehabilitation"" Katharina Maier & Rosemary Ricciardelli Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction A Note about Methods Defining Prisoner Reentry Understanding Barriers to Reentry Parole, Post-Prison Supervision, and Reentry Support Summary Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Recommendations References 7. Supporting Mental Health and Wellbeing in Canadian Corrections: An Expectation Too High? Adrienne M. F. Peters & Raymond R. Corrado Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction Canada's History of Imprisoning the Mentally Ill Mental Health in Canadian Corrections: Where Does Responsibility Lie? Canada's Efforts to Address Mental Health in Corrections Emergence and Growth of Mental Health Issues in Corrections Main Concerns Associated with the Mental Health of Persons Involved in the Correctional System Addressing Mental Health in Corrections Continued Challenges Conclusion Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Recommendations Notes References Part 3: Special Populations 8. Women, Crime, and Criminalization in Canada: Understanding the Canadian Correctional Landscape for Incarcerated Women Jennifer M. Kilty & Rebecca Jaremko Bromwich Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Demographic Portrait Women's Pathways into Crime The Birth of the Kingston's Prison for Women (1835-1934) The 1994 ""Incident"" at P4W and the Arbour Inquiry The End of an Era and the Dawn of a New Age in Women's Corrections: The Closure of the P4W and Construction of Regional Facilities Women's Corrections in the New Millenium Gendered Pains of Imprisonment: Psychiatrization, Segregation Pregnancy, and Motherhood Conclusion: Innovation, Reforms, and the Abolitionist Visions for the Future Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Recommendations Notes References 9. Colonialism and Cultural Disruption: Intergenerational Pathways to Incarceration for Indigenous People Christopher Mushquash, Jessie Lund, Elaine Toombs, & Chris Grol Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction Understanding Pathways to Indigenous Incarceration The Adverse Childhood Experience Model of Indigenous Incarceration Factors that Affect Incarceration Rates Conclusions Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Recommendations References 10. Adolescents and Young Adults in Custody Carla Cesaroni & Michele Peterson-Badali Why Study Youth in Custody? History of Youth Criminal Justice Legislation in Canada Institutional Life: What Is Custody Like? What's It Like for Youth to Do Time? The Background of Incarcerated Youth: What Do They ""Walk In"" to Custody With? Understanding Adjustment of Youth in Custody: An Integrated Approach Girls in Custody A New Population for Consideration: Young Adults Conclusion Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions References 11. Aging Prisoners in the Canadian Federal Correctional System Adelina Iftene Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction Facing Old Age in a Federal Prison: Demographics and Needs Responses to Needs Release Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions References 12. Sex Offenders: A Special Correctional Population Eric Beauregard & Kylie Reale Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction Sex Offenders as a Special Inmate Population? Risk Assessment Specific Legislations Treatment of Sex Offenders Summary Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions References Part 4: Current/Emerging Issues 13. The ""Prison [Tourism] Fix"": Carceral Habitus and Retasking in Kingston, Ontario Jarrod Shook, Juistin Piché, & Kevin Walby Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction Theorizing the Role of Penal Infrastructure Development ""They Shouldn't Level it or Blast it to Hell"" Preventing KP and/or Planning Its Future Commodification? From a ""Contaminated"" Penitentiary to Expanding Access ""This Natural Treasure of Ours"" Dis-Accumulating Surplus (Carceral) Capital at KP The (Carceral) Visioning Exercise Will the Walls Come Down? Forging a Non-Carceral Path Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions Notes References 14. The Use of Solitary Confinement and Prisoner Rights Kelly Struthers Montford, Jihyun Kwon, & Kelly Hannah-Moffat Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Historical Background International and Domestic Provisions Solitary Confinement and Torture Thresholds Legal Provisions for Federal Prisons in Canada Canada's Use of Segregation: Racialization, Self-Harm, and Mental Illness Long-Term Segregation, Violation of Rights, and Litigation Regulatory Capture and the Status Quo Summary Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions Notes References 15. The Use of Technology within Correctional Institutions and Community Corrections Karla Dhungana Sainju Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Introduction Correctional Facilities: Current Technologies Correctional Facilities: Upcoming Technologies Community Corrections: Current Technologies Community Corrections: Upcoming Technologies Summary Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Suggestions References 16. Religious Services in Canadian Prisons Davut Akca, Mehmet F. Bastug, & Nawal Ammar Chapter Overview Learning Objectives Historical Context Why Do We Care about Religious Services in Prisons? Religious Landscape and Religious Services in Canadian Prisons Muslims in Canadian Prisons Conclusions and Directions of Future Research Review Questions Critical Thinking Questions Multimedia Recommendations Notes References Glossary Index"